Capparis. ] CAPPAUIDEJJ. 15 



Kalvdri, Sind, is a small trailing shrub of the Punjab and Sind, whose flower buds give 

 the capers of Commerce; they an- pickled and eaten in Sind and the Punjab Salt Range. 

 C. (///'>/</>/(/, Jjimik. ; Hook. Fl. Jnd. i. 17 (C.^styloxa, J)0. ; Jjeddonie xiii) Vern. 

 Tnin'iilli, Tain.; Httilr< ni, Tel.; /\/r///W<7, Mar., is a shrub or smiill t nv of the 

 l)ckk-an ;ind Carnatie, with lar^e srarlet fruit. C. ularijol'm, Hook. f. and Th. ; Hook. 

 Fl. Ind. i. 178; Gamble 5. Vern. Naski. hnis, Xeji. ; .lh<n<>h\ Ijepeha. is a common 

 thorny shrub of river banks and valleys in Northern Bengal and Assam. C. Imrrida, 

 Linn/; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 178; Brandis 15 (C. zcylanica, Koxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 507). Vern. 

 His, kiti't-ilit, i'b. ; Karralurn, Oudli ; AdonOa, Teh; Kali ml, Gondi ; Gitoran, 

 Aj mi-re ; Atanday, Tarn, is a climbing shrub common in most parts of India. 



1. C. grandis, Linn. f. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 176; Beddorae xiii; C. 

 bisperma, Koxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 569. Vern. Gnli, reyguti, raff of a, Tel. 



A small tree. Bark thick, extremely irregular, rough and corky, 

 deeply and irregularly cracked. Wood white, moderately hard. No 

 heartwoodj no annual rings. Pores scanty, moderate-sized to large. 

 Medullary rays moderately broad, short. 



rhanda district and eastern part of the Dekkan, Eastern Ghats and Carnatic. 

 Weight, 46 Ibs. Wood durable, much used by the natives in the Madras Presidency. 



Iba. 

 C 1134 Ahiri, Central Provinces 46 



2. C. aphylla, Roth ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 174; Beddome xiii; Brandis 

 14. Veru. Kuril, Pb. ; Kiral, S'md ; Karl, Behar. 



A small tree with scanty, small, caducous leaves, found only on the 

 young shoots. Bark \ inch thick, grey, corky, with deep irregular cracks. 

 Wood light yellow, turning brown on exposure, shining, very hard and 

 close-grained. Annual rings doubtful. Pores small, generally in groups 

 or patches between the prominent, very short, numerous, fine medullary 

 rays. 



Punjab, Sind, T Rajputana and the Dekkan. 



Weight, 53 Ibs per cubic foot. The wood is used for small beams and rafters in 

 roofs, for the knees of boats, for oilmills and agricultural implements ; it is a good 

 firewood, and is not eaten by white ants. The fruit is eaten both raw and preserved, 

 and the young flower buds are preserved as pickle. 



Ibs. 



P 444. Ajmere 



P 892. Multan 53 



P 941. 



P 3056. 



2. CRAT.EVA, Linn. 



1. C. religiosa, Forst. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 172; Beddome t. 116 and 

 xiv (G.-Nurvala, Ham.) ; Brandis 16; Gamble 5. C. Roxburghii, Ham. ; 

 Kurz i. 66. Capparis trifoliata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 571. Vern. Brarna, 

 lildsi, bila, biliana. Hind.; Bar4n,tikto~9kak > Beng. ; Purlong, Lepcha; 

 Maralingam, marvilinga, Tarn.; Uskia, usiki, ulimidi, urumatti, tellavoo- 

 lemara, Tel. ; Nirvdla, Kan., Mai. ; Kumla, karwan, Mar. ; Kadet, katat, 

 Barm. 



A moderate-sized deciduous tree. Bark grey, \ inch thick, with long 

 horizontal wrinkles. Wood yellowish white, when old turning light 

 brown, moderately hard, even-grained. Pores moderate-sized, numerous 

 and uniformly distributed, often in short radial lines, each pore surrounded 

 by a whitish ring. Medullary rays short, very wavy, fine and mo- 

 derately broad, the distance between the rays slightly greater than the 

 transverse diameter of the pores. 



