16 CAPPARIPI K. [ Crafwa. 



Sub-Himalayan tract from the Ravi eastwards, Bengal, Assam, Central and South 

 India and Burma. 



Weight, 42 Ibs. The wood is used for drums, models, writing-boards, combs and in 

 turnery. 



Ibs. 



P 3217. Nagpahar, AJmere 



270. Garhwal (1868) 33 



O 3112. Dehra Dun 47 



C 3115. Chanda, Central Provinces 45 



B 565. Prome, Burma . . . 43 



No. 23. Salem Collection 44 



ORDER VIII. VIOLACE^]. 



This order contains three genera of Indian plants : of these, two, viz., Viola and 

 lonidium, are herbaceous; while the third, A Isodeia, comprises six shrubs or small 

 trees found in Northern and Eastern Bengal, Burma and Malabar. A. bengalensis, 

 Wall. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 186; Kurz i. 70; Gamble 6. Vern. Kalipat, Nep., occurs in 

 Sikkim, Assam, Burma and the Andamans. A. Roxburghii, Wall. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. 

 i. 186; Kurz i. 69 (Vareca heteroclita, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 648), in Sylhet and the 

 Andamans; and A. racemosa, Hook. f. and Th. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 187 (A. longirace- 

 inosa, Kurz i. 70), in Assam and Tenasserim, said by Kurz to have a yellowish white 

 close-grained wood. 



No. B 3198. (Home, 1874, No. 26, Kyadoo). A white scented wood from the 

 Andamans, with scanty, moderately large pores ; moderately fine, wavy, medullary rays, 

 and numerous concentric lines of soft tissue, was identified by Kurz from Home's 

 specimens as coming nearest to Alsodeia (Brandis' Memorandum on the Forest 

 Resources of the Andamans, dated August 25th, 1874). 



ORDER IX. BIXINE^B. 



Seven genera belonging to three tribes : 



Tribe I. Bixese .... Cochlospermum and Bixa. 



II. FlacourtiesB . . . Scolopia, Flacourtia and Xylosma. 



III. Pangiese .... G-ynocardia and Hydnocarput. 



Bixa Orellana, Linn.; Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 581 ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 190; Beddome t. 

 79 ; Brandis 17 ; Kurz i. 72 ; Gamble 6. The Arnotto Plant, Vern. LatJcan, Hind., 

 Beng. ; Jurat, Ass.; Jafra, Tel. ; Kuragumangjal, Tarn. ; Kiippu-manliala, Kan.; 

 Kisri, Mar. ; Theedin, Burm., is an American shrub, introduced and cultivated in 

 India for the red dye given by the pulp surrounding the seeds. 



Hydnocarpus contains four Indian species. //. heterophylla, Bl. ; Kurz i. 77. Vern. 

 Kal-lau-tso, Burm., is described by Kurz as an evergreen tree with heavy, strong, 

 yellowish white wood, found in the tropical forests of Burma. H. castanea, Hook, 

 f. and Th. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 197; Kurz i. 79, is a tree of the Andaman Islands. 

 JF. alpina, Wight; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 197; Beddome t. 77. Vern. Maratatti, Xilgiris, 

 is a tree of the Western Ghats, whose wood is said by Beddome to be used in the 

 construction of native houses, for packing cases and firewood. H. IVinhthina, Bl. ; 

 Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 196 (//. Wightiana and H. incbrians, VahL; Beddome xvi. xvii). 

 . Yetti, maravetti, Tarn. ; Kowti, Mar. ; Makulu, Cingli., is a common tree of 

 ti, West rn CJhsits and western coast. 



The wood of Flacourtia, Xylosma, Gynocardia and Scolopia is 

 uniform and remarkably similar to the wood of Euphorbiace&e j it is hard 

 ami close-drained and the pores are small, in short radial lines between 

 fine or very fine, closely parked medullary rays. The wood of 

 Cochlospermum has an entirely different structure. 



I. COCIILOSPKKMUM, Kuntto. 

 1. C. Gossypium, DC.; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 100; Beddome xiv ; 



