Lipterocarpus. ] DIPTEROCARPE^. 31 



ORDER XVI. DIPTEROCARPE^I. 



An order of groat forest importance, containing large resinous trees and a few 

 climbing sbrubs, belonging to seven genera, viz., Dipterocarpu* t A ii<-i*lr<><-ladus, 

 Aiilaofiti-ni,. I'xlicct, ti/wrca, ILo^ca and I'alvi'ia. Uou/ia and Monoporandra are 

 found in Ceylon. 



Of A >i<-ixfrnrladus t a genus of climbing shrubs, two species are found in India: 

 A. WttllirliiL I'lan.-h ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 300; Km-/. i. Ill, in Chitlagong, Burma and 

 UK- Andaiiians; and A. G' //////////, PlaiK-li ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i :i< >o ; Kur/i. 110. Vern. 

 riilicit-inrny. Hurin., in swamp forests in Pegu, JMartabsui and Tenasserim. Anisoptera 

 ylafn'it, Kur/ i. 112. Vern. T//i>t(/a</i>, Uunn., is a large evergreen Burmese tree. 



The camphor of commerce is obtained from Dryobalanops Camphora, a, tree of 

 Sumatra. The camphor is often found in the stem in a solid state y but is also procured 

 liquid by incision. 



The Dipterocarpeae here described have a uniform structure. The 

 pores are round, often in groups, small to large, but generally moderate- 

 sized, enclosed in a narrow white ring. The medullary rays are fine and 

 moderately broad, generally equidistant. The heartwood is generally 

 distinct, dark coloured, heavy (from 40 to 70 Ibs.) and resinous, exuding 

 wood oils or dammer, which are found, not in separate resinous ducts, but 

 in the pores (vessels) of the wood. The wood of most species is hard, 

 strong and durable, that of several species of DipterocarpM is softer and 

 perishable. 



1. DIPTEROCARPUS, Gaertn. f. 



Twelve species, all lofty trees, of Eastern Bengal, South India and Burma. These 

 species are : 



1. D. turlinatus, Gaertn. f Eastern Bengal, Burma and 



Andamans. 



2. D. Icevis, Ham. ...... Burma. 



3. D. vestitus, Wall. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 295. . Tavoy. 



4. D. obtusifolins, Teysm. .... Hills of Prome and Martaban. 



5. Z>. pilosits, Koxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 615 ; Hook. Fl. Arracan, hills of Martaban 



Ind. i. 296; Kurz i. 115. Vern. Hollong, and Tenasserim. 



Ass. 



" Rarely used for canoes, does for planks. " Mann. 



6. (D. Hasselfii, Bl. ; Kurz i. 114) . . . Tenasserim and Andamans. 



7. D. tuber culatus, Roxb. .... Chittagong and Burma. 



8. D. scaber, Ham. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 297. . Eastern Bengal. 



9. D. alatus, Roxb Chittagong, Burma and 



Andamans. 



10. D, incanus, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 614; Hook Chittagong. 



Fl. Ind. i. 298. 



11. D. GriJJitkii, Miq. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 299; Tenasserim and Andamans. 



Kurz i. 116. 



12. (D. costatus, Gaertn. ; Kurz i. 117. Under Hills of Chittagong, Marta- 



D. alatus in Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 298.) ban and Tenasserim. 



This list is chiefly taken from ^Dyer's description in the " Flora Indica," and Kurz' 

 "Burma Flora," but there is considerable difference in the synornymy given in Kurz, the 

 " Flora Indica" and Alphonse de Candolle's Monograph in the "Prodromus," Vol. xvi. 

 Kurz' species are given in brackets. 



The species of Dipterocarpm have a reddish, soft or moderately hard 

 heartwood, generally rough. Pores visible on a vertical section, moderate- 

 sized to large. Medullary rays often of two sizes, fine and moderately broad. 



1. D. turbinatus, Gaertn. f. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 295 ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 

 ii. 612; Kurz i. 114. The Gurjun-Oil Tree. Vern. Gurjun, tiliyagurjun, 

 Beug. ; Kanyoung, Magh; Kanyin-nee, kanyin-wettoung, Burm. 



