46 STERCULIACE^J. [Sfet'culia. 



The wood is generally light, soft, often spongy, with large pores and 

 moderately broad or broad medullary rays, which are very prominent on 

 a radial section. 



1. S. urens, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 145 ; Hook. PL Ind. i. 355 ; Beddome 

 xxxii ; Brandis 33; Kurz i. 185. Veru. Gulu, hulk, gular, tabsi, tauuku, 

 karrai, Hind. ; Odla, hatchanda, Ass. ; Tabsu, Tel. ; Vellay putali, Tarn. ; 

 Hit-turn, pinoh y Gondi ; Takli, Kurku ; Karai, kandol, gwira, Mar. ; 

 Kalru, Ajmere ; Kalauri, Panch Mehals. 



A large deciduous tree. Bark 4 inch thick, very smooth, white or 

 greenish grey, exfoliating in large thin irregular plates. Wood very 

 soft, reddish brown with an unpleasant smell, with lighter coloured sap- 

 wood. Prominent and regular concentric lines, which may possibly 

 be annual rings. Pores large, often oval and subdivided, frequently 

 filled with gum. Medullary rays moderately broad, on a radial section 

 prominint as long, dark, undulating bands, giving the wood a mottled 

 and reticulate appearance ; the distance between the rays is larger than 

 the transverse diameter of the pores. 



Sub-Himalayan tract from the Ganges eastwards, Southern India and Burma. 



Weight, about 42 Ibs. per cubic foot ; Kyd gives for Assam wood : Weight 18 Ibs., 

 P = 103, but it seems probable that Kyd's specimen was not this, but S. villosa. 



Wood used to make native guitars and toys. It yields a gum called l Katila or 

 'JZatira.' The seeds are roasted and eaten by Gonds and Kurkus in the Central Pro- 

 vinces. Its bark gives a good fibre, and fine specimens of it from Berar were sent to 

 the Paris Exhibition of 1878 (C. 984 from Bairagarh Reserve, Melghat.) 



Ibs. 



P 471. Ajmere 35 



P 3220 Nagpahar, Ajmere 



C 1102. Ahiri, Central Provinces 39 



D 1088. Madura, Madras 51 



2. S. villosa, Roxb. PL Ind. iii. 153 ; Hook. PL Ind. i. 355 ; Beddome 

 xxxii; Brandis 32; Kurz i. 136; Gamble 10. Vern. Poshwa, Sutlej ; 

 Udal, udar, Hind. ; Gul-bodla, gul-kandar, massu, Punjab ; Kanhlyem, 

 Lepcha ; Kudar, bari.nga, Gondi ; Buti, Kurku ; Omak, odela, salua, 

 Ass.; Udare, Garo; Take nar, ami, ani-nar, Tarn.; Sambeing, Magh. 



A moderate-sized tree. Bark grey or brown. Wood grey, very 

 soft, spongy. Annual rings prominent. Pores large, often sub- 

 divided. Medullary rays moderately broad, harder than the white 

 spongy tissue between them, joined by numerous transverse bars. On a 

 radial section the pores and medullary rays are distinctly visible, giving 

 the wood a reticulate and mottled appearance. 



Sub- Himalayan tract from the Indus eastwards; common in forests throughout 

 India and Burma. 



Growth fast, 3 to 6 rings per inch of radius. Weight, 15 to 22 Ibs. per cubic foot. 

 Wood not used. The tree is valuable on account of its fibre, which is coarse but strong. 

 It is made into ropes and coarse bags, and in Bengal, Burma and South India into ropes 

 and breastbands for dragging timber. Specimens were sent to the Paris Exhibition of 

 1878 from many provinces, but especially iVom Bengal and from Berar ((' i'M'.. i,.r 

 Bairagarh Reserve, JMi-lghsit). It gives a white pellucid gum which exudes copiously 

 from cuts in the bark. It coppices freely, and is extremely dillieult to extirpate iii 

 clearings. 



Ibs. 



K 2:{21. Sivoke, D.-irj.-i-ling Terai . 22 



K r.'ju. liMiiiiiiijiolvri, Darjivling Ter.ii 15 



W 847. South Kiiniu-a 2(J 



