90 RHAMNE^. [ ZizypliUS. 



of a great mass of moderate- sized to large pores, often subdivided, 

 between closely packed medullary rays, which bend outwards where they 

 touch the pores, presenting a reticulate appearance. 



Bengal, Burma, Central and Southern India, 



Used for hedges. The fruit is eaten. 



C 2753. Moharli Reserve, Central Provinces. 



5. Z. Xylopyra, Willd.; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 634; Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 

 611 ; Beddonie Ixviii. ; Brandis 90. Vern. Kal-ber, b<'ri, goti, got ah a, 

 kakor, chittama, sitaber, ghont, Hind. ; Goti, Tel. ; Goti, bhorgoii, Mar. ; 

 Challe, Kan. 



A large scrambling shrub. Bark grey or reddish brown. Wood 

 yellowish brown, hard. Pores small and moderate-sized, in patches of 

 soft tissue which are often confluent, forming oblique bands. Medullary 

 rays fine, equidistant, very numerous, the distance between the rays 

 being less than the transverse diameter of the pores. 



Sub-Himalayan tract from the Ganges to Nepal, Central and Southern India. 

 Weight, 60 Ibs. per cubic foot (Skinner, No. 136) ; our specimen gives 49 Ibs. Skinner 

 gives P = 800. Used for carts and agricultural implements. The bark is used for 

 tanning ; the shoots and leaves for fodder. The fruit is not edible, but is used to give 

 a black dye to leather. 



J Ibs. 



C 2736. Moharli Reserve, Central Provinces 49 



C 2764. Melghat, Berar 



6. Z, rugosa, Lam. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 636 ; Beddome Ixvii. ; 

 Brandis 89 ; Kurz i. 265 ; Gamble 19. Z. latifolia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 607. 

 Vern. Dhaura, dhauri, Oudh ; Suran, churna, C. P. ; Suran, Mar. ; 

 RuJch baer, Jiarray baer, Nep. 



A large scrambling shrub or small evergreen tree, with rough, dark 

 bark. Wood reddish, moderately hard, warps. Pores large and 

 moderate-sized, oval and subdivided. Medullary rays fine, extremely 

 numerous, uniform and equidistant, the distance between the rays much 

 less than the transverse diameter of the pores. Pores frequently joined 

 by very faint, wavy, concentric lines. 



Sub-Himalayan tract from the Ganges eastwards, Burma, Central and Southern India. 

 Weight, 45 Ibs. per cubic foot. Wood only used as fuel ; often attacked by insects. 

 Fruit eaten. 



Ibs. 



E 2336. Bamunpokri, Darjeeling Terai 45 



2. BERCHEMIA, Neck. 



A genus which besides this species contains several erect or climbing shrubs, of 

 which the chief is B. lineata, DC. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 638; Brandis ( J1, of the North- 

 West Himalaya. 



1. B. floribunda, Brongn. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 637; Brandis 91; 

 Kurz i. 264 ; Gamble 19. Vern. Kala lag, Kumauu ; Chiaduk, Nep. ; 

 Jlungyeong rik, Lepcha. 



A large erect or climbing shrub or small tree. Bark whitish, exfo- 

 liating and shewing a purple inner layer. Wood yellow, turning grey 

 on exposure, porous. Pores large, oval, subdivided, between undulating 

 moderately broad medullary rays. 



Himalaya from the Jhelum to Bhutan. Kha.shi Hills. 



E 2804. Tukduh, Diirjeeling, 5,000 iV-l. 



