96 SAPINDACE.E. [ SchleicJiera. 



for agricultural implements and carts. The la 

 The fruit is often eaten, and the seeds give an 



for agricultural implements and carts. The lac produced on this tree is highly prized. 



jive an oil used for burning in Malabar. 



Ibs. 



O 206. Garhwal (1868) 65 



O 536. Dehra Dun 65 



C 191. Mandla, Central Provinces (1870) 66 



C 1110. Ahiri Reserve, Central Provinces 66 



C 2769. Melghat, Berar 62 



W 732. South Kanara 70 



B 319. Burma (1867) 75 



B 2515. (1862) 72 



No. 47. Ceylon Collection 57 



4. SAPINDUS, Plum. 



Four species according to the Flora Indica, but the nomenclature of Beddome and 

 Brandis has been altered by Hiern ; it will be convenient to use Brandis' names 

 instead of those given in the Flora Indica. S. Danura, Voigt ; Hook. Fl. Ind. 

 i. 684; Kurz i. 298 (Scytalia Danura, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 274). Vern. Nancha, 

 danura, Beng., is a small tree of Northern India, Northern and Eastern 

 Bengal, Burma and the Andamans, chiefly in the tidal forests. The wood is said by 

 Home (Sundarbans List, 1872-73) to be white, and to be used in Lower Bengal 

 for boat and house building. 



1. S. emarginatllS, Vahl. ; Beddome t. 154; Brandis 107; Roxb. 

 Fl. Ind. ii. 279. S. trifoliatus, Linn. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 682. The 

 Soapnut Tree. Vern. Rit/ia, Hind. ; Bara-rit/ia, Beng. ; Miikta may a, 

 Uriya ; Konkudu, Tel.; Pounanga, puvandi, Tarn. ; Thalay marat/iu, 

 antaivdla, Kan. ; Areeta, Mai. ; Puvella, Cingh. 



A large tree. Wood yellow, hard. Pores large, joined by concentric 

 bands of soft tissue, which contain numerous extremely small pores ; 

 intervening are darker coloured bands of firmer tissue, in which the 

 very fine, numerous medullary rays are prominent. 



Bengal, South India and Ceylon, often cultivated. 



Skinner, No. 114, gives the weight of the wood at 64 Ibs., and P = 682; it is 

 sometimes used for building and carts, but the chief use of the tree is on account of its 

 saponaceous berries, which are largely used as a substitute for soap. The root, bark 

 and fruit are used in native medicine, and a semi-solid oil is extracted from the seed. 



D 3209. Cuddapah, Madras. 



B 2259 (51 Ibs.) is a white, moderately hard wood sent by Major Ford from the 

 Andamans in 1866 : it perhaps belongs to this species. 



2. S. detergens, Roxb. Fl. Ind.ii. 280; Brandis 107. S. Mukorossi, 

 Gaertn. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. i. 683. The Soapuut of North India, Vern. 

 liitha, dodan, kanmar, Hind. 



A handsome deciduous tree with grey bark. Wood light yellow, 

 rough, moderately hard, compact and close-grained; annual rings dis- 

 tinctly marked by a band of white tissue, containing large pores; the 

 pores in the outer portion of each annual ring are very small and unite 

 by narrow, concentric, often interrupted bands of white tissue. Medul- 

 lary rays not straight, short, fine, numerous, lighter coloured than the 

 intervening tissue. Pores and medullary rays distinctly visible on a 

 vertical section. 



Cultivated throughout North-Weit In'lh and 



(Jrmvlli Ao\\, \'.\ to 1-5 rin<-V- )"T iin-li nf iM-lins. Weighty il H>-:. Wood not used. 



