Bulea.] 



8. BUTEA, Koxb. 



Besides the species described below, B. superba, Roxb. PI. Ind. iii. 247 ; Brandis 

 143 ; Kurz i. 365. Vern. Y&pardt, ^\Iar. ; 7V//e motku, Tel. ; Samttr, Gondi ; Tunang, 

 Kurku ; Pouknway, Burin., is a large scarlet-flowered climber of India and Burma, 

 giving a gum like that of B.frondosa ; and />. minor, Ham. ; Hook. Fl. lud. ii. 195 ; 

 Gamble 27, is a shrub or climber of the Eastern Himalaya. 



1. B, frondosa, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 214; Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 194; Bed- 

 dome t. 170; Braudis 142; Kurz i. 36 i; Gamble 27. Vern. Dhdk,palds, 

 kakria, kankrei, Chichra, Hind.; chalcha, Bandclkband ; Chiula, puro/ia, 

 C. P. ; Palds, Beag. ; Paldsi, bulyetlra, Nep. ; Lahokung, Lepcha ; 

 Pordsu, Uriya; Hurr, Gondi ; Pharsa, Kurku ; Porusan, Tarn. ; Modugu, 

 mohtUy Tel. ; Muttuga, t/iords, Kan. ; Paras, Mar. ; Gasskeala^ calukeale, 

 Ciugh. ; Pouk, Burm. 



A moderate-sized deciduous tree. Bark J inch thick, fibrous, grey, 

 exfoliating in small irregular pieces ; exuding from cuts and fissures a 

 red juice which hardens into a ruby-coloured gum similar to kino. 

 Wood dirty white, soft, not durable ; no annual rings. Pores large, 

 scanty. Medullary rays broad and moderately broad, white ; the 

 darker tissue between the rays is broken up into oblong patches by 

 broad concentric bands of white tissue similar in appearance to the 

 medullary rays ; the latter distinctly visible on a radial section as long, 

 irregular bands. 



Throughout India and Burma, extending in the North -West Himalaya as far as 

 the Jhelum. 



The weight is given by Kyd as 32 Ibs. per cubic foot; by Adrian Mendis, 

 Ceylon Collection, No. 11, 38 Ibs. ; the average of our specimens is 3G Ibs. Kyd gives 

 p = 335. The wood is not durable, but is said to be better under wafer, and so is used in 

 North- West India for well curbs and piles. The bark of the root yields a good fibre 

 which is used for coarse cordage, for caulking boats and to make slow matches. The 

 gum is sold as " Bengal Kino " and has the same properties as that obtained from the 

 Pterocarpus Marsupium ; it is said to be used to purify indigo. The seeds are used 

 as a purgative and vermifuge. In Oudh and Central India lac is collected on its 

 branches. The leaves are used as plates and as fodder for buffaloes. The tree is well 

 known from its handsome scarlet flowers, appearing in the hot season before the leaves ; 

 they give a yellow dye, which treated with alum is used at the Holi festival. 



Ibs. 

 237. Garhwal (1868) ........... 



C 1119. Ahiri Reserve, Central Provinces ........ 



C 2759. Mohavli Reserve, Central Provinces .... 36 



E 674. Rakti Forest, Darjeeling Terai . . . . . 31 



E 2345. Sivoke ..... 40 



Dioclea reflexa, Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 196, is a climbing shrub of the Andamans. 

 Pucraria tuberosa, DC. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 197 ; Brandis 141 ; Gamble 28. (Kedy- 

 sarum tubcrosum, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 363) Vern. Sidli, baddr, bilci kand, billi, pona, 

 Hind ; Dari, gumodi, Tel., is a large tuberous-rooted, deciduous climber with bright 

 blue flowers and soft, spongy wood. Cajanus indiciis, Spreng., is a shrub cultivated 

 in most parts of India for its seed (Arhar, Beng. ; Paisigong, Burm.) and for its 

 leaves which are given as fodder to cattle. Cylista scariosa, Ait., is a climbing 

 shrub of South India and Burma. Flemingia contains a number of shrubs found in 

 the forests of India, and Burma, among which one of the most common is F. scm'utfutti, 

 Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 3-11; Kurz i. 374; Gamble 28 (F. congests. Roxb. ar.; Hook. Fl. 

 Ind. ii. 228.) Vern. Bhalia, Hind.; Batwnsi, Nep.; Mipitmuk, Lcpcli;i, a tall 

 handsome-flowered shrub of Northern India with a white wood having rather broad 

 medullary rays, scanty pores and concentric lines of white tissue like that of 

 ' Erythrma (E 3279, Dainah Forest, W. Dviars). 



