150 LEGUMINOSJ5. [Acacia. 



southern dry zone. A. Jacquemonti, Bth. ; Hoot. Fl. Ind. ii. 293 ; Brandis 183. 

 Vern. Hauza, Afg. ; Kikar, babul, bamul, Pb. ; Murmutti, Berar ; Ratabauli, Guz., is 

 a small, bushy, thorny shrub of the arid and northern dry zones, ascending in the Suli- 

 man Range and Hazara to 3,200 feet ; it is used for fodder, and the bark of the root in 

 the distillation of spirits. A. Senegal, Willd.; Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 295 (A. rupestns, 

 Stocks; Brandis 184) Vern. Khor, Sind; Kumta, Rajputana, is a small thorny tree 

 of the arid and northern dry zones, chiefly found in Sind and Ajmere. Brandis says, 

 "Bark smooth, yellowish grey; wood light yellow, heavy and hard, with small 

 irregular masses of black heartwood in the centre ; it takes a beautiful polish, 

 and is used for weavers' shuttles." It gives a gum which is collected and sold in 

 Sind with that of A. arabica. A. lenticularis, Ham.; Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 296 ; 

 Brandis 186. Vern. Khin, Kumaun, is a small tree of the Siwaliks, of Kumaun and 

 the Rajniehal hills in Bengal. A. Suma, Kurz ; Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 294; Brandis 

 187 ; Kurz i. 421 (A. Catechu, Bth. ; Beddome t. 49, Mimosa Suma, Roxb. Fl. Ind. 

 ii. 563.) Vern. Saikanta, Beng. ; Mugli, Kan. ; Kumtia, Pertabgarh ; Dhaula 

 khejra, Banswara ; Son kairi, Dangs, is a tree of Bengal, South India, parts of the 

 Central Provinces and Guzerat. It is recognised from A. Catechu by its having 

 white bark, while that species has a black-coloured bark. It gives cutch, and the 

 bark is used for tanning. A. planifrons, W. and A.; Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 293; 

 Beddome xcv. ; Brandis 575. The Umbrella Thorn. Vern. Sale, sal, Tel., is a small 

 gregarious tree of South India with a strong wood used for agricultural implements 

 and fuel. A. concinna, DC. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 296 ; Beddome xcv.; Brandis 188 ; 

 Kurz i. 423 ; Gamble 33. (Mimosa concinna, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 565). Vern. Aila, 

 rassaul, Oudh ; Banritha, Beng.; Sikekai, Dekkan; Goau, chikai, Tel.; Sige, 

 Kan.; Soopwotmvay, Burm., is an extremely thorny scandent shrub of most parts of 

 India and Burma, except the arid zone. Its thick fleshy pods are used for washing the 

 hair, and the acid leaves are eaten. A. pruinescens,^KuYz i. 424, is a climber of the 

 forests of Pegu. 



The true gum arabic is the produce of A. vera, Willd., a tree of Egypt, Arabia and 

 Northern Africa. " Sabicu " is the wood of A. formosa, a tree of the West Indies 

 (W = 57 ; P = 994, Laslett). 



The character of the Indian species of Acacia is to have sharp, promi- 

 nent, medullary rays, which are short in A. Catechu, ferruginea and modesta, 

 but long in the others ; as a rule, they are not well marked on a radial sec- 

 tion, but A. leucophlwa and arabica form an exception. The pores are, as 

 a rule, uniform in size, but in A. eburnea they vary from small to large. 

 With regard to their distribution, two series may be distinguished. In the 

 first series the pores are isolated and enclosed in very narrow rings of 

 softer tissue, and do not form concentric bands; to this section belong 

 A. arabica, modesta andferruginea. In the species of the second series, 

 the pores are enclosed in elongated patches of softer tissue, which are 

 frequently confluent and form distinct, though often irregular, concen- 

 tric bands. This section includes A. leucophlcea, eburnea, pennata and 

 Catechu. The Australian species have a different structure, and are all 

 marked by short medullary rays. 



1. A. Farnesiana, Willd. ; Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 293 ; Beddome t. 52 ; 

 Brandis 180; Kurz i. 420. Mimosa Farnesiana, Linn. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 

 ii. 557. Vern. Vilayati kikar, vilayati babul, pissi babul, pi''-kik<ir t 

 Hind. ; Gut/a babula, Beng.; Vedda vala, Tarn. -, Kusturi, plldiunl, oda 

 sale, murki tumma, Tel. ; Jtiti, Kan. 



A thorny shrub. Wood white, hard, close-grained. Pores modtM-ute- 

 sized, in oblique and concentric interrupted bands of soft text u re. 

 Medullary rays fine, numerous. 



Indigenous to America. no\v cultivated all over India. The m is collected in 

 Sind. It has yellnu. extremely iVa^ianl Hewers, from which a pci L'ume is made. It 

 a good fence, 



