188 MYRTACE.E. [Melaleuca. 



Nilgiris, said by Beddome to have a white soft wood, with a pink heartwood and to be 

 used for turning. Its fruit is edible, and is made into preserves. Rhodamnia 

 triitcrvia, BL, Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 468; Kurz i. 475, is a shrub of Tenasserim; while 

 Decaspermum paniculatum, Kurz i. 475 ; Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 470, is an evergreen tree 

 which is said by Kurz to spring up on deserted hill toungyas at 3,000 to 4,000 feet 

 elevation in Martaban and Tenasserim. The Myrtle (Myrtus communis, Linn.) is 

 cultivated in India. 



The flower-buds of Caryophyllus aromaticus, Linn., of the Moluccas give the 

 Cloves of commerce, and Pimenta officinalis, Ldl., of the West Indies, Pimento or 

 Allspice. 



Pores small and moderate-sized. Medullary rays numerous, fine, 

 rarely broad. Concentric bauds of soft tissue not common. 



1. MELALEUCA, Linn. 



1. M. Leucadendron, Linn.; Hook. FJ. Ind. ii. 465; Kurz i. 472. 

 M Cajuputi, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 394. 



An evergreen tree. Bark white, thick, spongy, peeling off in papery 

 flakes. Wood reddish brown, hard. Pores moderate-sized, scanty. 

 Medullary rays very fine, extremely numerous. 



Tenasserim. 



The leaves give the Cajuput oil of commerce, which is largely exported from the 

 Malay Archipelago and is used in medicine as a stimulant and diaphoretic. 



3270. Saharanpur Gardens. 



2. EUCALYPTUS, L'Her. 



Numerous species of this genus of trees have been introduced into India from 

 Australia, where they have the general name of " Gum trees ;" but their success has 

 been very variable. E. Globulus, Lab., here described, and E. obliqua, L'Her., 

 have been almost completely naturalised on the Nilgiris. The latter species is known by 

 the name of " Stringy Bark," and in Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania is an im- 

 mense tree, reaching occasionally to 300 feet in height, with a girth of 100 feet (Brandis, 

 231). It has also been tried at Changa Manga, but has failed at Lucknow. At 

 Lucknow, however, the cultivation of E. saligna, Smith, "The White or Grey Gum" of 

 New South Wales, has succeeded well in the Wingfield Park, and that of E. rostrata, 

 Schlect, in the Horticultural Gardens. At Changa Manga Plantation several species 

 have been found to grow well, and at Abbottabad E. Globulus, Lab., E. Stuart iana, 

 F. Miill., E. tereticornis, Sm., E. viminalis, Lab., and E. leucoxylon, F. Mull., 

 have succeeded admirably. The seeds of numerous other species have been sown at 

 different places in the plains and valleys of the Punjab, as well as at the Botanic 

 Gardens at Saharanpur, the Horticultural Gardens at Lahore and Lucknow, and many 

 places in the Central Provinces, Berar and Central India; and there is no doubt that 

 when it has been [determined which species are most suited to the very diflVivnt 

 climates and soils of the various parts of India, the cultivation of the species of 

 Eucalyptus which possess so many valuable properties, such as their quick growth, 

 useful timber, and the numerous products to be obtained from their loaves and 

 bark, their cultivation should be encouraged and their growth fostered. 



1. E. Globulus, Labillardiere ; Brandis 231. The Blue Gum. 

 Vern. Kurpoora maram, Madras. 



A lofty tree with fibrous deciduous outer bark. In Australia the 

 wood is brown, hard, tough, durable. The wood of a tree grown on the 

 Nilgiris, 18 years old and 95 feet high, is grey, witli darker streaks 

 and moderately hard. Pores moderate-sized, round, frequently arranged 

 in groups or in radial or oblique lines. Medullary rays fine, very 

 numerous, the intervals between the rays .jsmaller than the diameb 



