'idyyiie.1 KVI 223 



\V 1225 ^42 Ibs. ; growth moderate, 8 rings per inch o!' radius), received from 

 North Kanara under the name of AnUnx-citlnilux JJadamba, is in structure similar to 

 S. prrij'<>litt< but has red heart wood, wit li darker streaks. It is 'probably Nauclea 

 , Dnl/i'll, Bomb. PI. 118; Beddoine exxix. Vern. Ahnau, Kan. 



2. S. Sp. Gamble 46. Vern. Kale, kalikat, Nep. 



A large tree. Bark brownish white. Heartwood orange yellow, 

 sapwood reddish. Wood moderately hard. Pores large and moderate- 

 sized, very numerous, filled with u gummy substance. Medullary rays 

 fine, very numerous, undulating. 



Weight, 44 Ibs. per cubic foot. Used for building. 



Ibs 

 E 2385. Chenga Forest, Darjeeling ....... 44 



4. NAUCLEA, Linn. 



Contains 3 or 4 Indian trees. N. elliptica, Dalz., a large tree of the Western 



Coast, has been referred to above. N. purpurea, Roxb. ; Beddome cxxix., is a tree of 



the Eastern Ghats of South India. Kurz gives N. excelsa, Bl., as a large evergreen 

 tree of Pegu. 



1. N. rotundifolia, Roxb. PI. Jnd. i. 516; Kurz ii. 67. Vern. Bmgah, 

 Bunn. 



Wood yellowish brown, moderately hard, close and even -grained. 

 Pores small and moderate-sized. Medullary rays fine, uniform, very 

 closely packed, the transverse diameter of the pores being greate? than 

 the interval between two successive rays. 



Burma and the Andaman Islands. 



Weight, 47 Ibs. per cubic foot. Wood not used, but likely to be of value. 



B 2536. Burma (1862) ........ 51* 



B 2288. Andamans (1866) ........ 44 



B 2233 (47 Ibs.), sent from the Andamans in 1866 under the name Htainlyoo 

 resembles in structure N. rotundifolia, except that it has slightly larger pores. 



5. CINCHONA, Linn. 



A la-mis of about 36 species of trees or shrubs found in a narrow belt along the 

 Andes of South America, between 2,300 and 8,000 feet elevation. Several species give 

 the Peruvian bark or Cinchona of commerce, the value of which depends upon the 

 presence of certain alkaloids which are known as " quinine," " cinchonine," " cinchoni- 

 dine," &c., and which are so valuable as febrifuges. 



The Cinchona trees were first brought to India in 1860, chiefly through the labours 

 of Mr. C. E, Markham, C.B., who was sent by the Secretary of State in 1859 to Peru 

 to collect plants and seeds of the different kinds. The plants he brought did not live, 

 but the seeds were sown and the trees planted in the Nilgiri Hills. In 1862 

 Dr. T. Anderson instituted the plantations at Rangbi in Sikkim with plants and seeds 

 brought by him from Java. There are 4 principal species cultivated in the Indian 

 plantations : viz., C. succirubra, Calisaya, officinalis and mwrantha. 



1. C. SUCCirubra, Pavon ; Brandis 265 ; Gamble 47. Red Bark. 

 "Wood yellow, moderately hard. Pores small, in radial lines. 

 Medullary rays closely packed, fine and very fine. 



