Vitex.] VERBENACE.E. 297 



Wood between 40 and 55 Ibs. in weight, hard, close-grained. 

 Annual rings distinct. Pores small or moderate-sized. Medullary rays 

 fine, uniform, numerous., equidistant. 



1. V. Negundo, Linn. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 70 ; Beddome clxxi. 

 Brandis 369. Vern. Marwan, mordun, mdura, mora, wina y banna, torban, 

 biuna, Pb. ; Shiwari, shawdli, netigar, meivri, ?iisinda, Hind. ; Beyguna, 

 Uriya; Nirgunda, nirgur, Mar.; Nirgiri, Gondi ; Nirgudi, Kurku ; 

 Vella-nmhi, Tarn.; Veyala, Tel.; Lakki, Kan.; Sadii nika, Cingh. 



A deciduous shrub, with thin grey bark. Wood greyish white, hard. 

 Annual rings marked by a narrow belt of more numerous and larger 

 pores at the inner edge. Pores small and moderate-sized. Medullary 

 rays numerous fine, uniform, equidistant. 



Common in the drier parts of India, and ascending to 5,000 feet in the North-West 

 Himalaya. 



Growth moderate, 7 rings per inch of radius. Weight 41 to 42 Ibs. per cubic 

 foot. The branches are used for wattle-work ; the root is employed as a febrifuge 

 and the leaves to cure headache. 



Ibs. 



H 3044. Kumharsen, Sutlej Valley 42 



C 2789. Melghat, Berar 41 



2. V. altissima, Linn.; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 71; Beddome t. 252, 

 Brandis 370; Gamble 61. Vern. Ahay, Ass. ; Maiia, Tarn.; Myrole, 

 balgay, nauladi, sampaga-pala, Kan. ; Banalgay, Mar. ; Milula y 

 Ciugh. 



A large tree. Bark -|- inch thick, grey, fibrous. Wood grey with a 

 tinge of olive brown, hard, close-grained, polishes well. Annual rings 

 distinctly marked by a belt of firmer wood on the outer edge. Pores 

 small, scanty. Medullary rays fine, numerous, wavy. 



Bengal, South India and Ceylon. 



Growth moderate, 8 to 9 rings per inch of radius. Weight 50 to 53 Ibs. per cubic 

 foot (South Kanara specimens) ; 49 and 56 Ibs. (Adrian Mendis' Ceylon specimens) ; 

 Skinner, No. 145, gives 63 Ibs. for Kanara specimens. A. Meudis gives P = 788, 

 Skinner P = 557. Molesworth in ' Graphic diagrams for strength of teak beams' 

 gives: Weight 56 Ibs. P = 722, E = 4700. The wood is used for building and for 

 carts, and deserves attention. 



Ibs. 



W 724. South Kanara 53 



W 757. 50 



Nos. 54 (56 Ibs.) and 78 (49 Ibs.), Ceylon Collection 



3. V. pubescens, Vahl. ; Beddome clxxi. ; Kurz ii. 271. V. arborea, 

 Koxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 73. Vern. Nowli eragu, 6usi, Tel. ; Myladi, Tarn. ; 

 Kyet-yoh, Burm. 



A large tree. Wood smooth, grey with an olive-brown tinge, very 

 hard, close-grained. Annual rings marked by a more or less sharp line 

 and by a broad belt of firmer wood on the outer edge. Pores small, 

 uniformly distributed. Medullary rays fine and very fine, numerous, 

 equidistant ; the distance between the rays equal to the transverse dia- 

 meter of the pores. 



South India, Burma and the Andaman Islands. 



Growth moderate, 8 to 10 rings per cubic foot. Weight, according to Brandis' Burma 

 List of 1862, No. 83, 45 Ibs., but his specimen now weighs 51 Ibs. ; A. Mendis gives 



2 o 



