Pyrularia-.] SANTALACE^:. 



Nepal, Sikkim and the Khasia Hills, from 4,000 to 5,000 feet. 



Growth moderate, about 8 rings per inch of radius. Weight, 47 to 50 Ibs. per cubic 

 foot. Wood used by Bhutias tor butter-making implements, Fruit eaten. 



Ibs. 



E 2406. Tukdah, Deeding, 5,000 feet 47 



E 698. Ilangbul, Darjoeling, 7,000 feet 50 



2. SANTALUM, Linn. 



1. S. album, Linn.; Roxb. PI. Ind. i. 442; Beddome t. 256; 

 Brandis 398; Knrz ii. 329. Sandalwood. Veru. Chandan, chandal, 

 sandal. Hind. ; Gandka, Kan. ; San-la-hi, Burm. 



A small evergreen tree, rarely exceeding 4 feet in girth and 80 feet 

 in height. Bark dark grey, nearly black, rough, with short vertical 

 cracks, inner substance dark red. Sapwood white, scentless ; heartwood 

 yellowish brown, strongly scented, very hard, very close-grained and 

 oily. Annual rings distinctly marked by more numerous and slightly 

 larger pores in the spring wood. Pores small, circular, numerous. 

 Medullary rays short, fine, numerous, uniform and equidistant. 



Dry region of South India. It grows naturally in the drier parts of Mysore, 

 Coimbatore and Salem districts, extending south to Madura and north to Kolhapur, 

 generally at an elevation of from 2,000 to 3,000 feet, in poor soils and seeking the 

 protection of hedgerows and scrub jungles. 



Eegarding the rate of growth, not much information is available. The specimens 

 in our collection shew a growth of 5 to 7 rings per inch of radius. A tree in the 

 Saharanpur Botanic Gardens, said to be 36 years old, measured 3 feet 4 inches in girth, 

 giving 5'6 rings per inch of radius, 



In Colonel Beddome's report on the forests of Northern Coimbatore, July 1876, 

 the following data are given : 



Age. Height. Girth. 



/ Trees in unfavourable 14 5 to 6 feet 3 to 4 inches, 

 Talle Mally Plantation) locality. 



commenced 1863-64. 1 Trees in favourable 14 30 15 



C locality. 



By lur Plantation com- f Planted 1870 . . 6 10 to 15 8 to 11 



menced 1870. (. 1872 . .4 7 to 8 5 to 9 



The first of these gives 25, the rest 6, 4 and 3'5 rings per inch of radius respec- 

 tively. 



In his report of the 3rd March 1877 on the Salem forests, Colonel Beddome states 

 that the largest of 3 sandal trees which were growing under shade in favourable condi- 

 tions in the Denkincottah plantation on the Mailgherry hills had a height of 16 feet and 

 a girth of 8 inches. As the trees were planted in ]874 and were consequently only 3 

 years old at the time of measurement, their growth has been very fast. 



Again, in his report on plantations and fuel reserves of 28th May 1878, Colonel 

 Beddome gives the following average measurements of trees in different plantations 



Age. Height. Girth. 



1. North Coimbatore, Talle Mally 14 years 30 feet 15 in. ( J uton , 1 J 



Plantation, 3,000 feet altitude. O^XST* 



2. North Coimbatore, By lur Plauta- )7 8 to 15 8 to 11 



tion, 3,200 feet altitude. > 4 8 to 8 5 to 6 



3. Nilgiris, Segur Plantation, 3,000 6 12 to 15 



feet altitude. 



or 6, 4'5 and 4'5 rings per inch of radius respectively. 



In this plantation Colonel Beddome expects a yield per acre, when the plantation 

 is mature, in 25 years, of at least 150 maurids of heartwood. There are 23 acres with 

 about 21,000 trees. The growth in the Coimbatore plantations varies from 2 to 6 

 rings per inch, averaging 4-f rings ; but the locality in each case was favourable. 



2 R 



