ju very iasu. 



r eight, our specimens gave, the Multan one, 42 ; the Madhopur one 47 Ibs. per 



foot. It is largely cultivated for its leaves, which are used to feed silkworms. 



328 URTICACE,E. [Morns. 



Burma. Its fruit is long, cylindrical, sweet, but insipid. M. atropurpurea, Roxh. 

 Fl. Ind. iii 595, is a kind which was introduced from China and is now cultivated in 

 many parts of India. 



Wood hard, even-grained, seasons well, with yellow or brown heart- 

 wood. Annual rings distinctly marked generally by a belt of larger 

 pores. Medullary rays fine, uniform. 



1. M indica, Linn. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 596; Brandis 408; Kurz ii. 

 468 ; Gamble 77. Vern. TM, Pb. ; Tutri, Hind. ; Shahtut, Kumaun ; T&t., 

 Beng. ; Chkota kimbu, Nep. ; Mekrap, Lepcha; Nuni, Ass. ; Posa, Burm. 



A moderate-sized deciduous tree. Wood yellow with darker streaks 

 of various colours, hard. Annual rings distinctly marked by a belt of 

 closely packed, moderate-sized and large pores which are generally sub- 

 divided. The pores in the outer portion of the annual ring are very small, 

 in small, irregular patches, uniformly distributed. Medullary rays 

 moderately broad, short. The structure of this wood is very similar to 

 that of Morm alba of Europe and Japan, but the medullary rays are 

 broader and further apart. 



Sub-Himalayan tract ascending to 5,000 feet, Sikkim valleys up to 4,000 feet. 

 Cultivated throughout North India. 



Growth, the specimen received from Multan had very little more than one ring per 

 inch of radius ; that from Madhopur shewed 5 rings ; its growth must therefore be con- 

 sidered very fast. 



Weight, 

 cubic 



In Assam, the silk of the * Pat ' worm (Bombyx Textor and B. Croesi) is produced 

 on this mulberry. 



Iba. 



P 891. Multan 42 



P 1195. Madhopur 47 



2. M. serrata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 596; Brandis 409. Vern. Karun, 

 tut, Mura, tutukul, sou, dn, shta, chimu, kimu, Pb. : Kimu, himu, Hind. 



A large deciduous tree. Bark greyish brown. Sapwood small, white ; 

 heart wood yellow or brown, with a slight lustre, moderately hard. 

 Annual rings distinctly marked by a line or irregular belt of moderate- 

 sized and large pores. Pores frequently subdivided, filled with gum. 

 In the outer portion of each annual ring the pores are small and 

 moderate-sized, scanty, often arranged in groups. Medullary ravs 

 moderately broad. 



North- West Himalaya between 4,000 and 9,000 feet. 



Growth moderate, our specimens averaging 8 rings per inch of radius. Weight, 35 

 to 36 lbs. per cubic foot. It is o f ten of very large size. Dr. Stewart noted several trees of 

 20 feet girth, and one at the Hindu temple at Barmaor, Chamba 7,000 feet, of 28 feet 

 girth. It works well, does not warp, and takes a beautiful polish, shewing a golden 

 lustre. It is used for troughs, agricultural implements and for cabinet-work. It is 

 much esteemed by the Simla wood-carvers. 



lbs. 



H 3174. Dungagalli, Hazara, 7,000 feet 



H 10. Julurig, Simla, 4,000 feet 36 



H 28. Madhan, Simla, 5,000 35 



H 95. Simla, 6,000 feet 36 



3. M. cuspidata, Wall. M. serrala , Roxb.; Gamble 77. Vern. 

 Kimbu, Nep. ; Nambyong, Lepcha ; Singf.ok, Bhutia ; Bola, Ass. 



A tall tree, Wood yellow, with yellowish brown heart, wood, hard, 

 close-grained, with a beautiful lustre. Annual rings marked by a white 



