Qn<.',ru*.] OUPULIW '381 



Q. annulata, Sin Himalaya, Khasia Hills. 



0. lamellosa, Sin Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, 



<;/!<)() to 9,000 fret. 



mespili folia, Wall. ; Kurz ii. 488 ... Ava, Pronie, Arr:.<-:m 

 ^ Hills, 4,000 



feet. 

 [Q. Srandisiana, Kurz ii. 488] .... Martaban, to 4,000 feet. 



SECTION IV. CHLAMYDOBALANUS. 



Q. lancecefolia, Roxb Sikkim, Assam, Eastern 



Bengal. 



[Q. yylocarpa, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Berig. xliv. 



' 196] . Arracan. 



\a. eumorpha, Kurz ii. 487] Martaban Hills, 6,000 to 



7,000 feet. 

 [0. bancaaa, Scheff. ; Kurz ii. 485] . . . Martaban Hills, 3,000 to 



5,000 feet. 



[Q. Olla, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xliv. 197] . Assam. 

 Q. nov. sp. Vern. D'mgioa ..... Khasia Hills. 



The most important of the non-Indian Oaks are described in Brandis For. PI. 

 pp. 483 to 487, and in other works such as Mathieu's Flore Forestiere ; we need, there- 

 fore, merely say that the British Oaks are Q. pedunculata, Ehrh., and Q. sessiliflora, 

 Sm., usually united by botanists under the name Q. Robur, Linn. The Cork Oak is 

 Q. Suber,IAnn., found throughout the Mediterranean region ; and cork is also pro- 

 duced by Q. occidentalis, Gay, of Spain, Portugal and Western France. The 

 Vallonea Oak of Syria and Asia Minor, whose acorns are so largely used for tanning 

 and dyeing, is Q, JEgilops, Linn. 



Wood brown, very hard to extremely bard, heavy, generally with a 

 distinct, darker coloured heartwood. Pores small to large, arranged in 

 irregular radial lines, or elongated patches. Annual rings very indis- 

 tinct, and not marked as in the case of European oaks by a belt of larger 

 pores in the spring wood (Q. Griffithii and Q. serrata are an excep- 

 tion to this). As regards the medullary rays, two types may be dis- 

 tinguished. In the first type (Q. packyphylla, fenestraia and lappacea), 

 there is only one class of medullary rays, all being very fine, very 

 numerous, uniform and equidistant. All other species have two classes, 

 namely, besides the very fine rays already described, a small number 

 of broad, or very broad, rays. 



First group. All medullary rays very fine, very numerous, uniform 

 and equidistant. Wood seasons well, does not warp or crack. 



Second group. Medullary rays of two classes, very fine and broad, the 

 latter very prominent on a vertical section, giving rise to that ap- 

 pearance which is generally known as " silver grain." The wood of most 

 Indian species warps and splits in seasoning. 



1. Q. Griffithii, Hook. f. and Th. Vern. Dingim, Khasia. 



A large deciduous tree. Bark black, with deep vertical fissures. 

 Wood brown, very hard. Annual rings marked by a belt of large pores 

 in the spring wood. Pores small to moderate-sized, large in the spring 

 wood, gradually decreasing outwards, enclosed in patches or radial wavy 

 groups of soft tissue. Medullary rays of two classes : numerous, fine, 

 uniform and equidistant rays and few broad to very broad rays. Very 



