Quercus.] CUPULTFER^:. 3H5 



soft tissue and arranged in irregular patches and groups, and radial belts. 

 Medullary rays of two classes : numerous, very fine, uniform, and equidis- 

 tant rays, and fewer very broad rays, visible on a radial section as high, 

 narrow, tapering, shining plates. Numerous faint, interrupted, wavy, 

 thin, concentric lines. 



Outer Himalaya from the Indus to Nepal, between 3,000 and 8,000 feet ; it can be 

 grown in the Panjab plains. It is gregarious, or often associated with Rhododendron 

 and Pieris, and a few other species, such as Cornus capitata and deodar. Growth 

 not recognisable from the specimens. Weight, 641bs. per cubic foot, average of our 

 4 specimens ; Major Lang gives P. = 491. The wood is very difficult to season, it is 

 used for building, for ploughs, is a good fuel and makes good charcoal. The acorns 

 are greedily eaten by bears and monkeys, which may to some extent account for 

 its bad natural reproduction in spite of profuse seeding. 



8. Q. fenestrata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 633; Brandis489; Kurz ii. 

 483; Gamble 78. Vern. Kala chakma, Beng. ; Patle katus, Nep., 

 Kashievdung, Lepcha; Dingjing, Khasia ; Thiikya, Burm. 



A moderate-sized tree. Bark J inch thick, rough, greyish brown, 

 deeply fissured into small rectangular plates. Heartwood red, very hard. 

 Pores large, arranged in groups, and short or oblique belts. Medullary 

 rays very numerous, very fine, uniform and equidistant. Numerous 

 wavy, concentric bands. 



Eastern Himalaya, between 5,000 and 8,000 feet, Khasia Hills, Eastern Bengal and 

 hills of Martaban and Upper Tenasserim. 



Growth, the annual rings are doubtful, but our Burma specimen seems to shew 

 7 rings per inch of radius. Weight, Major Seaton says 48 Ibs. per cubic foot (probably 

 mistaken for Q. semiserrata, 48 Ibs. in Brandis' Burma List of 1862, No. 88, also called 

 Thitkya), Wallich gives 47, and our specimen 56 Ibs. Used for building and farm pur- 

 poses in the Khasia Hills. 



Ibs. 



E 3838. Sliillong, Khasia Hills, 5,000 feet 



B 552. Martaban Hills 56 



9. Q. spicata, Smith; Brandis 489; Kurz ii. 486; Gamble 78. 

 Q. squamata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 63S. Vern. Danwa singali, phaco 

 singali, arJcaula, Nep. ; Bara chakma, Beng.; Kacheeng, Lepcha; Saliu 

 king or i 3 Ass.; Dmgjing y Khasia; Tkitcha, Burm. 



A large, evergreen tree. Wood red, very hard. Bark grey, smooth. 

 Pores moderate-sized and large, enclosed in soft tissue in groups, patches 

 and radial belts. Medullary rays of two classes : numerous very fine, 

 uniform and equidistant rays, and fewer broad and very broad ones ; 

 the silver grain being very prominent on a radial section. Very numer- 

 ous fine, parallel, wavy, transverse lines. 



Nepal, Sikkim up to 5,000 feet, Eastern Bengal, Burma and Indian Archipelago. 



Growth, annual rings not recognisable. Weight, 58 Ibs. per cubic foot. The wood 

 is used for building in Assam and for charcoal in Darjeeling. It coppices very freelv 

 and is often almost gregarious or mixed with chestnut, Engelhardtia and Sc 

 It is very durable and does not warp. 



3 A 



