118 MANUAL OF POISONOUS PLANTS 



Crotalaria sagittalis L. Rattle-box. 



This is found in the western part of the state in the Missouri River Bot- 

 toms and produces a disease known as the Missouri Bottom disease, called 

 crotalism, by Dr. Stalker. The seeds contain an unnamed alkaloid found by 

 Dr. Power. The plant is not only poisonous in the meadow, but also in hay. 



Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link. Scotch Broom. 



Found along the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. It is common in Washington 

 and Oregon; also in Massachusetts and Virginia. The flowers are yellow. 

 The plant contains cytisin which also occurs in several other genera of this 

 family like Ulex, Thermopsis and Baptisia. 



Lupinus albus L. Lupine. 



The European lupine is occasionally cultivated and in Europe it produces 

 a disease known as lupinosis. Our native species, L. perennis, is also regarded 

 as poisonous. Contains lupinin ; lupinidin ; lupinin. 



Lupinus leucophyllus Dougl. Western Lupine. 



It is said to be poisonous in Montana, although this is disputed by some. 

 Other suspected species of the blue lupines are L. argenteus and L. argophyllus. 



Trifolium incarnatum L. Italian or Crimson Clover. 



According to Coville, it produces "hair" balls. This plant is cultivated as 

 a cover crop in the south and east. 



Trifolium repens (L.) White clover. 



This plant and several other species such as T. pratense, at times, produce 

 bloat. 



Melilotus alba Desv. White Sweet Clover. 



Widely distributed in the U. S. as a weed. The honey bees collect consid- 

 erable quantities of honey from the Sweet Clover blossoms. It has been 

 looked upon with suspicion. Dr. Schaffner states that the seeds impart a foul 

 odor to flour. 



Melilotus officinalis Willd. Yellow Sweet Clover. 



This is also widely distributed in the state and is objectionable like the 

 preceding. 



Medicago sativa L. Alfalfa. 



Alfalfa may cause bloat. 



Psoralea tenuiflora Pursh. Slender Psoralea. 



Common from Illinois to Texas. Perennial herb sprinkled with little 

 glandular dots. The Silvery Psoralea, P. argophylla, was reported from 

 Iowa as poisonous. The tuberous roots of P. esculenta Pursh. were eaten by 

 the pioneers and Indians. 



Tephrosia virginiana Pers. Goat's Rue. 



It grows only in sandy soil from Wisconsin to Iowa, east and south. It 

 was used by Indians as a fish poison. Several other species in South America 

 and Mexico have been used in a similar way. One is called T. toxicaria, and 

 is a well known fish poison. Other N. Amer. species probably also poisonous. 



Sesbania vesicaria Muhl. 



An annual vine of the Southern States, Carolinas and Westward. The 

 seeds are said to be poisonous. 



Robinia neo-mexicana A. Gray. 



Common in New Mexico and frequently cultivated as a hedge plant in 

 Southern Colorado. The leaves somewhat resemble those of the black locust. 



Robinia pseudacacia L. Locust-tree. Black locust. 



