34 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST. 



breaks out in sores on the surface. 

 There is no other cure, only good 

 moderate winter and a fine warm spring. 



DEAD SPOT ON TREES. 



The cause. In trimming large limbs 

 from a tree, the axe or saw may chance 

 to bruise the bark next to the cut. 

 The sap is bruised, and it soon turns 

 black. If it doth not dry up soon with 

 heat of the sun, it soon sours, and like 

 leaven, it sours or mortifies the live 

 sap next to it. If it doth not dry up 

 with the heat of the sun, it may en- 

 circle and kill the whole tree. 



Again, it may be caused by a clip or a 

 blow against the tree, which will bruise 

 the sap or soft wood under the bank, 

 the sap will turn red and sour, and 

 mortify the live sap by it. Now- for 

 the cure : When you see the bark look 

 dark and shrink to the wood, take your 

 knife and cut along side the dead bark 

 and live bark, or wood, to prevent the 

 dead or sour sap to come at, or to touch 

 the green sap or bark. Cut to the 

 wood one-eighth of an inch wide and 

 the cure is accomplished. If a limb 

 should wither and dry up in June. 

 The cause : The limb nearly perished 

 in winter, there being sap enough left 

 to cause it to leaf out, the limb being 

 too dead to draw fresh sap to grow, it 

 dried up. The only cure is to cut the 

 limb off to the green bark or wood. 



Now, sir, I have heard it stated that 

 some have got trees, not from my nur- 

 sery, called the Mcintosh Red. After 

 they had them a few years they froze to 

 death. Why they perished they were 

 not the genuine or true Mcintosh Red, 

 only bogus trees, or perhaps grafted 

 over and over so. many times in other 

 stock or trees. Perhaps the true 

 Mcintosh Red is nearly run out. I 

 am the owner of the original Mcintosh 

 Red. It is over eighty years old. I 

 have lived over seventy years within a 

 few yards of it, given to me by my 



father over fifty years ago. It is a 

 yearly bearer. A winter apple. The 

 best flavored apple known. Fall of 

 1885, 1 sent several barrels to Glasgow, 

 Scotland. The remainder of my crop 

 I sold round about Dundas County 

 from three and a half to four dollars a 

 barrel, while the best of other good 

 apples only fetched two dollars. 1 

 send trees and scions of the original 

 stock to any ordering them. I am 

 raising trees from a seedling of my 

 farm. It is a very juicy, sweet apple, 

 larger than the Snow, ripens 2Uth of 

 August, keeps till October. When ripe, 

 light golden color. Upright grower, a 

 heavy yearly bearer. No sweet apple 

 known to equal it in flavor. The ori- 

 ginal tree bore itself to death at the age 

 of forty. I have propagated from it. 

 Along the River St. Lawrence many of 

 the hardy kinds do well. The river 

 modifies the air. But six miles back, 

 where I have my residence, from there 

 to the Ottawa River, it is very trying 

 on fruit trees and grape vines, only the 

 hardiest trees and vines can be grown 

 here with profit. I planted a few trees 

 of those that were called veiy hardy, the 

 Wealthy among them ; planted three 

 years. In the spring of 18^5 they 

 were all froze to the ground. All the 

 grape vines I did not cover last fall 

 were froze to the ground this last spring, 

 the Concord not excepted. 'AH grape 

 vines here in winter must be covered, 

 or they will freeze to death. I have 

 travelled through the Eastern Town- 

 ships for the past ten years, and have in- 

 quired about the longevity of certain 

 trees that are called hardy. The Fa- 

 meuse,they commence to die at eighteen 

 or twenty years. Tallman about sixteen 

 to eighteen years. Northern Spy fifteen 

 years, and many hardy kinds nearly the 

 same age. The Duchess of Oldenburg, 

 they commence to die in the top at the 

 age of twenty-eight. My native seed- 

 ling, sweet. Golden apple, bore yearly. 



