THE CANADIAN HOBriCULTDBIST. 



209 



stick to the little insects and kill tliem. 

 The powder should not be used on rainy 

 (lays, for it will wash off from the leaves, 

 and do no good. The insufflator, a little 

 invention for hohling in the hand and 

 throwing the powder, is tlie best ar- 

 rangement for applying buhach. The 

 powder never injures the leaves of 

 plants. It can be applied mixed with 

 water. Professor Riley says that in a 

 mixture where only 1-200 of a pound 

 was used to the gallon of water the sol- 

 ution proved fatal to caterpillars. The 

 water mixture is the most economical 

 way of using buhach on plants, al- 

 though, in order to prevent the too 

 rapid evaporation of the mixture, add 

 I some glycerine, about half a gallon of 

 crude glycerine being added to forty 

 gallons of water. This mixture kills 

 both the red spider and the scale insect, 

 pests that in former yeai*s have been 

 fought against with lye, and remained 

 uuconqiiered even when the lye was 

 •strong enough to crack the bark and 

 injure the trees. 



The use of buhach in liquid solution 

 in this country dates from 18S0, when 

 the United States Entomological Com- 

 mision difjcovered that it could be so 

 used, and the Government Entomolo- 

 gist, in his report for 1881-82, says that 

 " the finer the spray in which the fluid 

 is applied the more economical is its use, 

 and the greater the chance of reaching 

 ;very insect on the plant." 



Professor Cook, of Lansing, Mich., 

 has killed cabbage-worms with a mix- 

 ture of one pound of buhach with 200 

 gallons of water, and he also states that 

 lie has applied buhach mixed with flour 

 and also with water, and h;us found both 

 methods efficient in destroying the larvai 

 and images of the Colorado potato-beetle. 



Professor Hilgard, of the University 

 of California, says that ho has been sur- 



Kiised at the eflect produced on the 

 airy tent-caterpillar by water that con- 

 iined a mixture of one i)Ound of i)ow- 



der to fifty gallons of water. Although 

 the tent caterpillars paid no attention 

 to the [jowder when blown upon them 

 from the bellows, when they received a 

 sprinkle of the diluted extract, they 

 died very soon. Professor Hilgard has 

 recommended the use of the extract in 

 greenhouses and conservatories, on ac- 

 count of its harmlessness to plants. 



Professor Riley states that there is 

 nothing known to him that so quickly 

 kills the cotton-worm as buhach. 



Professor Eisen, in an address before 

 the California State Viticultural Con- 

 vention, held in San Francisco nearly 

 three years ago, recommended the nse 

 of the buhach solution for spraying 

 grape-vines, about forty gallons of sol- 

 ution being used for an acre of vines. 

 One pound of buhach mixed with thirty 

 of sulphur, and allowed to stand six 

 hours before using, he recommended as 

 a sure remedy for vine-hoppers. 



QUALITY VERSUS QUANTITY. 



In a few remarks last month I sug- 

 gested the securing of quality of fruit, 

 as one good step towards the realization 

 of better prices for our horticultural 

 products. Our markets are most al- 

 ways su})plied with an excess of inferior 

 articles, the prices for which, even 

 though in excess of their actual value, 

 act as a bar to sjiles of articles in the 

 same line of a better grade. 



This, I think, will apply to any 

 article of trade in any branch of in- 

 dustry, and fruits are no exception. 



The manufacturer of a strictly first- 

 class article of dairy butter has enough 

 of the inferior grades of the genuine 

 article to compote with, to say nothing 

 of the diabolic counterfeits in the shape 

 of oleomargarine, butterine, etc. The 

 merchant who endeavors to handle only 

 first-chiss goods, has "Jews " and 

 " cheap John " dealei-s in inferior 

 grades of goods to contend with, and 



