NOVEMBKR, 1918 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE 



697 



PATENTS 



<?(? 



Practice in Patent Office and Courts 

 Patent Counsel of The A. I. Root Co. 

 Chas. J. Williamson, McLachlan Building, 

 WASHINGTON, D. C. 



r>r> 



A high -class il- 

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 and Marketing of Ginseng, 



Special Crops 



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Golden Seal, Senega Root, Belladona, and other unusual cropi 

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Special Crops, Box G, Skaneateles, New York 



BEE -SUPPLIES 



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Books and Bulletins — Continued 



where its culture i.s incTdasing rapidly. This in- 

 crease is retarded, however, by the fact that the 

 first cutting of alfalfa commonly conflicts with corn 

 cultivation. About one-half of the alfalfa of the 

 United States is grown under irrigation, and l&ss 

 than six per cent of the. acreage in 1909 was east 

 of the Missouri River. It is raised quite extensive- 

 ly in the Black Prairie of Alabama and Mississippi, 

 however, where the annual rainfall is 50 inches, 

 and is beinp: grown in Saskatchewan upon a rain- 

 fall of less than 15 inches. It.s deep roots enable it 

 to endure drought much better than does clover. 

 Including the various varieties, alfalfa grows under 

 almost as great variations of temperature as any 

 other cultivated plant, its range extending from the 

 intense heat of the Imperial Valley of California to 

 tlie cool climate of northern Montana and Saskatche- 

 wan. It thrives best, however, and produces the 

 most cuttings per season in the warmer Southwest- 

 ern States." A glance at the map shows that the 

 San Joaquin, Sacramento, and Imperial Valleys of 

 California, the Snake Valley of Idaho, the Salt Lake 

 Valley of Utah, the Big Horn Basin of Wyoming, 

 the region north of Denver, the western slope, and 

 the Arkansas Valley of Colorado are all heavy pro- 

 ducers of alfalfa, and these are the regions from 

 which most of the alfalfa honey comes. The enor- 

 mous region of alfalfa growing in Kansas and Ne- 

 braska has not as yet yielded much honey to the 

 general market, but there is every reason to expect 

 that beekeeping will be greatly increased in these 

 States in the near future. Alfalfa doe.s not secrete 

 nectar to any extent east of the Missouri River, so 

 the fact that it is not grown much in this region 

 is not a matter for the beekeeper to lose sleep about. 

 In the intermountain country of Colorado, Utah, 

 Wyoming, and Idaho the honey from alfalfa is 

 white, while that from Arizona, New Mexico, and 

 the valleys of California is amber. Some day the 

 beekeepers will appreciate the room for development 

 of beekeeping in some of the alfalfa regions where 

 the industry is as yet undeveloped, and then there 

 will be more of this delicious honey on the market. 



Beans. — Where these vegetables are grown ex- 

 tensively they furnish nectar for the bees, altho 

 all varieties are reported to be not equally good. 

 The main bean regions are shown to be in Cali- 

 fornia, Michigan, and New York. Recently there 

 has been a great increase in bean growing in Colo- 

 rado and other Western States. 



Bvckwheat. — The map presented herewith shows 

 the buckwheat region. This plant is probably native 

 to China, and in the United States two-thirds of 

 the entire acreage is in New York and Pennsyl- 

 vania. The plant is grown as far west a.s Min- 

 nesota, and is also found south in the mountain re- 

 gion. Very little buckwheat is grown where the mean 

 summer temperature is over 70 degrees, and practi- 

 cally none where it exceeds 75 degrees. Buckwheat 

 will give profitable yields on soils too poor to pro- 

 duce most other crops. It is grown largely on poor 

 soil or as a catch crop after another crop has failed, 

 since it may be sown as late as July 1 and still 

 mature before frost in the northernmost States. 

 Tliruout the entire buckwheat region European 

 foul l)rood is prevalent, resulting in a considerable 

 reduction of the buckwheat-honey crop. The honey 

 is the darkest that is put on the market, but those 

 who have eaten it in their childhood days think that 

 there is no honey as good. The flavor is strong. 



Clover. — In the discussion of hay and forage 

 there are some interesting facts brought out which 

 have a great influence on the honey situation in the 

 clover region. It is shown that the leading variety 

 of hay is timothy and clover mixed in the States of 

 New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Wisconsin, 

 (Continued on page 699.) 



