158 



the United Honey Producers for Cali- 

 fornia. A better choice could not have 

 been made. 



Prof. Coleman's moving picture dis- 

 play on California beekeeping was in- 

 deed a work of art. The work he has 

 accomplished in this line, and has in 

 prospect, is almost the work of a gen- 

 ius, if means can be obtained to com- 

 plete this. This is the only scenario 

 of a complete series which Prof. Cole- 

 man has in progress of making, for the 

 showing of every phase of the life of 

 the apiary and handling of honey and 

 wax. It is a stupendous work if it can 

 be carried to completion, as no doubt 

 it will be. The educational value of 

 such a series of films, for schools and 

 colleges, and for the beekeeper and 

 laity, can hardly be over-estimated. 



The ever-recurring container subject 

 was brought up by J. D. Bixby, who 

 advocates the use of barrels for ex- 

 tracted honey. The barrel z's. can and 

 case was spiritedly discussed, but it 

 would seem, while both have their 

 merits, the 5 gallon can and its twin, 

 securely protected in a strong case, 

 have been proven to be the survival of 

 the fittest. They have the advantage of 

 being non-leak in all climates, and about 

 as convenient a method of handling as 

 we have yet had. The barrel was tried 

 out long ago and discarded in most 

 places. 



Marketing through the Fruit Ex- 

 changes was ably handled in a paper 

 by T. O. Andrews, Inspector for River- 

 side county, and some practical points 

 brought out. 



A standard color for honey was the 

 subject of a discourse by M. C. Richter, 

 who is an advocate of blending honey. 

 While some advocate and practice this, 

 many object to it, as it would put all 

 honey on a level. The producers of 

 the fine grades of white delicately fla- 

 vored honeys, such as sage, white clo- 

 ver, etc , would suflfer by such a blend- 

 ing. It is necessary to have the differ- 

 ent grades and flavors to suit diflferent 

 tastes. 



Secretary Shaflfner spoke on the 

 Legal Defense Fund. This resolution, 

 however, was voted down and stricken 

 from the Constitution, it being the 

 opinion that it only caused trouble. 



The address by Supt. Davison, of the 

 State Exposition, was a strong plea 

 for a good standing exhibit by the bee- 

 keepers. This ought to be done. 



Mr. Mendleson was asked to supply 

 a glass globe filled by the bees for the 

 exhibit, which he agreed to do. 



The meeting at Exposition Park was 

 most appropriate. The Park is owned 

 by the State, and Exposition Hall is 

 designed for the use of State societies. 

 The museums of Exposition Park are 

 full of interesting collections peculiar 

 to the Southwest. These afforded en- 

 tertainment to the members out of rou- 

 tine hours. The specimens taken from 

 La Brea Rancho asphaltum beds are a 

 wonderful collection. The mastodon, 

 sabre-toothed tiger, and others from 

 this oil bed, are rare and preserved as 

 prehistoric remains seldom are. It is 

 something which all our residents, as 

 well as tourists, ought to see. 



The election of officers resulted in a 

 complete staff, and almost all of the 

 Executive Board, being chosen from 

 the northern part of the State. The 

 next annual meeting will be held in 

 the North. 



Orange, Calif. 



AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL 



Different Methods of Queen 

 Introduction 



BY DR. C. C. MILLER. 



IN the British Bee Journal of Dec. 

 21, 1916, is a fine summing-up of 

 different methods of introducing 

 queens by W. A. Sheppard. He says: 



"Numerous plans have been devised 

 for introducing queens, but there are 

 very few that can be absolutely relied 

 upon to give satisfactory results under 

 all conditions and circumstances. At 

 certain times of the year, for instance 

 during a honey flow, the introduction 

 of an alien queen presents very little 

 risk, and almost any method employed 

 would be successful then ; but when 

 there is no honey being brought in by 

 the bees, queen introduction often pre- 

 sents many difficulties, especially to the 

 amateur beekeeper. The following are 

 some of the methods that have been 

 recommended during the last few years : 



" Water Method of Queen Intro- 

 DtiCTioN. — Kill the old queen ; remove 

 all combs from the hive and shake into 

 the bottom with a sharp jar, all the bees 

 possible. Sprinkle the mass of bees on 

 the hive floor until they are soaking 

 wet. Use plenty of water; there is no 

 danger of overdoing this part. Wet 

 the new queen thoroughly and put her 

 on the pile of bees. Put back combs, 

 and the job is finished. 



"Introducing By Smearing Queen 

 With Honey. — Put the queen in half a 

 cup of honey. Do not be afraid to put 

 her away down into it with your fin- 

 gers. Smear her all over, the bees will 

 lick her clean. Get her covered deep, 

 and pour her and the honey into the 

 top of the brood-chamber. 



" SiMMiNs' Direct Introduction. — 1. 

 Keep the queen </u!ie alone for not less 

 than 30 minutes without food, but warm. 



"2. Insert after dark, under a quilt, 

 first driving the bees back with smoke. 



"3. No further examination is to be 

 made until after 48 hours have expired. 



"4. Make no division of or nucleus 

 from the hive within three days prior 

 to insertion of queen. 



" Arthur C. Miller's Smoke Method. 

 — Inject into hive a cloud of thick white 



May 



I 



smoke, and use enough to get the bees 

 into a heavy roar. Then run in the 

 queen, and shut in the smoke and queen 

 for about ten minutes. 



" Requeening Without Dequeening 

 — Doolittle's Method— If you wish to 

 supersede any queen on account of 

 old age or any other reason, you have 

 only to put on an upper story with a 

 queen-excluder under it; place a comb 

 of brood, with a queen-cell upon it, in 

 this upper story. After the queen-cell 

 has hatched, withdraw the queen-ex- 

 cluderand your old queen is superseded 

 without you ever having to find her. 



"The foregoing are methods of in- 

 troducing queens without the use of a 

 cage, but there is little doubt that there 

 is less risk of failure and without much 

 disturbance to the bees by using either 

 of the following plans: 



"Frame Cage Method. — A wire-cloth 

 cage is constructed large enough to 

 take an entire Langstroth frame. Into 

 this place a comb of hatching brood, 

 after first shaking off all the old bees ; 

 then insert the queen and hang the 

 cage in the center of the brood nest 

 for two or three days, when the comb 

 can be removed from the cage and re- 

 placed in the hive. The young bees 

 that have hatched out in the cage will 

 not be antagonistic to the fresh queen. 

 This is the only one they ever knew. 



" PirE Cover Cage Method. — An or- 

 dinary wire-cloth tea strainer with the 

 wire attachment for the tea-pot re- 

 moved makes a good introducing cage. 

 It is pressed into the face of a brood- 

 comb about half an inch deep with the 

 queen underneath. She is liberated 

 after about 48 hours if the bees are then 

 seen to be friendly disposed towards 

 her. If not, she can be caged again 

 for a further period. 



" Two Other Cage Methods. — Catch 

 the old queen and place her in the cage 

 intended for the new queen. After a 

 few hours remove her and put the new 

 queen in the cage. The bees then more 

 readily accept the new queen, as the 

 odor of the old queen remains behind. 

 Or, put the queen to be introduced into 

 a new cage with one or two newly- 

 hatched bees from the hive to which 

 you are going to give her. 



NOMADIC APIARY FOR HONEY PRODUCTION AT THE SERICULTURE 

 STATION OF CAUCASIUS. {Sericulture is the silkworm industry) 



