382 



AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL 



November 



(Symphoricarpos racemosus). In 

 East Kootenay the one called the 

 wolfberry (Symphoricarpos occiden- 

 talis) is apparently the only kind that 

 grows there. The Dogbane, locally 

 called Milkweed, that is common 

 here, is the Spreading Dogbane 

 (Apocynum androsaemifolium). Pos- 

 sibly in other parts of the Province 

 the Indian Hemp (Apocynum canna- 

 binum) or its variety, (A., hyperici- 

 folium), may be found in abundance. 

 The Maples, which abound and yield 

 quantities of early honey in some of 

 the Coast districts, are scarce here, 

 and so are not included in the list for 

 the Kootenays. The Buckthorn (Sa- 

 cred Bark, or Cascara), (Rhamnus 

 Purshiana) I have not yet observed 

 in this section, although it is said to 

 be common nearer the Coast. It is a 

 small tree, IS to 20 feet high, pre- 

 ferring a moist situation. The fiuid 

 extract, Cascara sagrada, used as an 

 aperient medicine, is made from its 

 bark. At the end of last August the 

 writer noticed Rhamnus Frangula 

 (introduced from Europe) growing at 

 the Dominion Experimental Farm, 

 Invermere. At that time quantities 

 of its black, berry-like drupes were 

 ripe, but it was still flowering and 

 covered with bees. There are flowers 

 ir this region that are supposed to 

 yield honey but which it is not cer- 

 tain that the bees visit at all. One 

 of these is the Buckbrush, or Snow- 

 brush (Ceanothus, order Rhamna- 

 ceae) of which there are two species, 

 the deciduous and the evergreen, 

 both of which bloom at about the 

 same period. The flowers of both 

 kinds are alike and have a somewhat 

 strong aroma. In East Kootenay the 

 v/riter has noticed the Oleaster, com- 

 monly called Wolf Willow, or Silver- 

 berry (Elaeagnus argentea) in bloom 

 in the month of May, but has never 

 been able to find any bees on its pret- 

 ty pale yellow flowers, which are 

 very fragrant. It is said to yield 

 honey on the prairies. As a rule all 

 plants that secrete nectar have 

 sweet-scented flowers. Then there 

 are the False Heathers, three species 

 (Phyllodoce grandufloris) white, (P. 

 empetriformis) red, (P. intermedins) 

 pink, that grow in the mountains at 

 a high altitude. As far as I am aware 

 it has never yet been ascertained 

 whether they secrete nectar. If they 

 do, it might be worth while to move 

 the hives up the mountains in An- 

 gst sufficiently near for the bees to 

 reach these flowers, as is done in the 

 Heather districts in Scotland and the 

 North of England. The Blueberry 

 and the Huckleberry yield honey in 

 some localities. The former grows 

 very abundantly at Nakusp, on the 

 Upper Arrow Lakes. 



Indigenous Honey-Yielding Flowers, 

 Kootenays, B. C. 



Willows — Salicaceae. (Willow fam- 



iiy). 



Glaucous or Pussy Willovv. Salix 



discolor. 



River Bank W'illow. Salix longifo- 



lia. 



(Flower in March and April and 



probably yield more pollen than 



honey). 



Dandelion — Compositae. (Composite 

 family). 



Taraxicum officinale. 

 (Flowers in April and May). 



Bearberry — (Kinnikinnik). Erica- 

 ceae). (Heath family). 

 Arctostaphylos Ura-ursi. 



Blueberry — Ericaceae. (Heath fam- 



'•>->■ . . 



Vaccinium ovalifolium. 



Huckleberry — Ericaceae. (Heath fam- 



ily). 



Gaylussacia resinosa. 

 Choke Cherry — Rosaceae. (Rose fam- 

 ily). 



Prunus demissa. 

 Bird or Pin Cherry — Rosaceae. (Rose 



family). 



Prunus pennsylvanica. 



(Flower in May). 

 Barberry — (Oregon grape). Berberi- 



daceae. (Barberry family). 



Beberis aquifolium. 

 Wild Raspberry — Rosaceae. (Rose 



family). 



Rubus. 



(Flower in June). 



Dogbane — (Milkweed). Apocyna- 

 ceae. (Dogbane family). 

 Apocynum androsaemifolum. 

 (Spreading Dogbane). 



Snowberry — Caprifoliaceae. (Honey- 

 suckle family). 

 Symphoricarpos racemosus. 



Wolfberry — Caprifoliaceae. (Honey- 

 suckle family). 

 Symphoricarpos occidentalis. 



Canada Thistle — Compositae. (Com- 

 posite family). 

 Cirsium arvense. 

 (Flower in June and July). 



Willow Herb or Fireweed — Onagra- 

 ceac. (Evening Primrose family). 

 Epilobium angustifolium. 



GoIdenRod — Compositae. (Com- 

 posite family). 

 Solidago canadense. 

 (Flower in July and August). 

 Nelson, B. C. 



1 



Bee-K£epinc <^ For Women 



Conducted by Miss Emma M. Wilson. Mareoeo. III. 



Helping Along 



Some of the sisters, upon looking 

 at this department, may be surprised 

 not to find it fully occupied with bee- 

 talk. Apology is hardly necessary 

 for giving way to the appeal of the 

 United States government to do just 

 a little to help feed our neighbors 

 across the sea. This will be done if 

 we are willing to use corn to some 

 extent in place of wheat in preparing 

 our daily bread. 



It is well to remember that it is 

 our fight the allies are fighting, for 

 every day it is becoming more clear 

 that it was the full intention of the 

 autocrats who are responsible for the 

 war to gain the ascendency over the 

 United States as well as over other 

 nations. And bravely and unselfishly 

 the allies are doing their part. Just 

 now, if they were selfish, they might 

 be saying, "We have things now in 

 shape that we can hold back a little, 

 and wait for America to get ready 

 her forces, thus saving our men and 

 money." Instead of that they are 

 pushing ahead with all their might ; 

 and it is only the fair thing that we 

 should be willing to do our bit by 

 way of furnishing food that we can 

 well spare with no real privation. 



Is there any satisfactory reason 

 why food prepared from corn should 

 be counted delicious in Virginia and 

 utterly ignored in Iowa, where corn 

 is just as plenty? Why shouldn't an 

 lowan learn to relish it just as much 



as a Virginian? In nearly every fam- 

 ily it lies entirely with the women 

 folk. The men will eat, with more or 

 less thankfulness, whatever is set be- 

 fore them. In some cases, at least, 

 the men will welcome the change. 



Will the good women who read this 

 department make a fair trial of some 

 of the recipes contained in this num- 

 ber of The American Bee Journal? 



U. S. FOOD ADMINISTRATION 

 Public Information Division 



Breakfast Spoon Breads 



It is worth remembering that there 

 are no medium grades of cornbread. 

 It is either irresistibly good or un- 

 eatable. So housekeepers who are 

 trying to make their families corn- 

 bread lovers must practice for a 100 

 per cent record. This is especially 

 true of spoon-breads, but the perfect 

 product is worth the effort. These 

 soft cornbreads are very popular for 

 breakfast in the cornbread belt. They 

 are served with a spoon from the 

 dish in which baked. Spoon-bread 

 makes an excellent breakfast combi- 

 nation with hash or scrambled eggs. 



Here are three favorite spoon- 

 breads : 

 Virginia Batter-Bread — 



1 cup white cornmeal. 



1^2 cups boiling water. 



1 cup sweet milk. 



1 teaspoon salt. 



2 teaspoons baking powder. 

 2 eggs. 



Sift meal into a bowl. See that the 

 water is boiling vigorously, pour 

 over the meal, stirring at the same 

 time. When luke warm, add the 

 sweet milk, the well-beaten egg yolk 



