TURNIP FLY. 18 



was more than one-third deficient through the ravages of Turnip Fly. 

 -(A.H.) 



MONMOUTHSHIRE. Immense damage and inconvenience has been 

 suffered this season in the district round Newport from the Turnip 

 Fly, but it is impossible to give a pecuniary estimate of the loss 

 sustained. A crop replanted may be fairly calculated to cost 1 per 

 acre for labour alone, and the later crop would probably be 25 per 

 cent, lighter than the former had it stood ; also the damage in the 

 mutilation of crops, which are not quite bad enough to plough up, is 

 of course enormous. (B. S.) 



HEREFORD. Turnip Fly was very injurious in this county. Infor- 

 mation as to amount of damage and means used for prevention,' 

 contributed from parishes in an area of seven miles radius round 

 Leominster, and from six other districts in the county, are appended 

 to this paper in tabulated form, with summary of information accom- 

 panying. (Ed.) 



DERBY. Elvaston. The Turnip Fly was unusually troublesome 

 during the summer of 1881. Most farmers had to sow twice, and not 

 a few even a third time ; consequently the crop throughout the Midland 

 Counties was late, and, although the autumn has been particularly 

 favourable, it is generally under an average. (Gr. M.) 



STAFFORD. Standeford, Wolverhampton. We are not troubled 

 very much if due care is taken in getting the land in good tilth, and a 

 little artificial manure used. The Turnips are this year exceptionally 

 good in this county. (B. P.) 



CHESHIRE. Sandbach. On the whole the fly was only troublesome 

 for a short time. The Whites sown before the third week in May 

 were never attacked. Those between that time and the second week 

 in June had to be resown as a whole, and after that there was little to 

 complain of. (Gr. W. L.) 



LANCASHIRE. Turnip Fly never distresses us much in West 

 Lancashire. Swedes are generally grown, and, though the seed- 

 leaves are more or less riddled by the flea-beetle, sufficient plants get 

 away, favoured by the moist climate, to establish a good crop 

 when thinned. (W. W.) 



WALES. 



The following are the only notes I have received from the Princi- 

 pality: 



BRECON. Nantyrhairn. This year my crop entirely escaped, and 

 I cannot complain of any material loss for several years. I believe 

 that well- cultivated farms, as a rule, are less subject to the ravages of 

 the Turnip Fly. I have also found that early sowings are more 

 subject to the attack of the fly, and I do not believe in sowing Swedes 



