48 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF NEW JERSEY. 



diameter and 40 to 50 feet high interspersed with a good deal of 

 brush, and near the head of the swamp there are a few good 

 white pines, also a number of hemlocks about the headwaters of 

 the stream. The ridge just west of this swamp is well wooded 

 at the north end, the trees being mostly 10 to 14 inches in diam- 

 eter, but ranging up to 24 inches. The larger trees have been 

 cut out at the southern end of the ridge. There are red cedars 

 bordering the clearings. Tar Hill ridge in Andover township, 

 just east of the Lehigh and Hudson River railroad, is quite well 

 wooded. A small portion has been cut off within the last five 

 years, more within ten years, but generally the timber runs from 

 6 to 24 inches in diameter and from 30 to 50 feet high, the larger 

 sizes being not very numerous. There are a good many hem- 

 locks and red cedars and a few white pines. On the ridge line 

 between the Upper Wallkill and the easterly branch of Lubber's 

 run, and stretching from Sparta to Roseville, the timber is small 

 southward as far as the Gaffney mine, most of the large growth 

 having been cut out. In a few spots trees were noted 1 8 to 24 inches 

 in diameter, but for the most part they are less than 8 inches. On 

 the west slope there are a great many red cedars and a few hem- 

 locks. In the swamp near Gaffney mine, and also the one just 

 southwest along Lubber's run, there are a good many tamaracks. 

 The hills just east of Stag pond are well wooded on the tops, the 

 trees ranging from 6 to 18 inches in diameter, but the steep slope 

 just east of the pond and its outlet is broken and rocky, and is 

 mostly red cedar and hemlock, with a few white pines. There are 

 also hemlocks and a few white pines on the ridge north of Rose- 

 ville. A tract of 500 acres at Roseville has had all trees 9 inches in 

 diameter and over cut out. An examination of the stumps 

 showed that oak 60 to 70 years old ranged from 18 to 24 inches in 

 diameter ; from 40 to 50 years old ranged from 13 to 21 inches, 

 being mostly 13 and 14 inches. An oak stump 89 years old 

 measured 24 inches, and showed that for the first 20 years the 

 growth had been very slow. Chestnut 63 years old measured 

 31 inches, and hickory 90 years old 19 inches. Generally over 

 this tract from Sparta southwest to the Roseville and Andover 

 highway the timber was in good condition. In a few places it 

 had been cut within 3 years ; other tracts within 15 years, but a 

 great many of the trees would average from 12 to 20 inches in 



