86 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF NEW JERSEY. 



in diameter ; at Ridgewood, a chestnut 60 inches in diam- 

 eter ; at Haworth, a chestnut 84 inches 1 and another 78 inches 

 in diameter ; north of Arcola, a chestnut 72 inches in diam- 

 eter ; at Overtoil, a chestnut 76 inches in diameter. Most 

 of these chestnuts are only remarkable for girth, but near 

 Oradell there is a fine chestnut tree 63 inches in diameter and 

 55 feet high ; at the forks of the road, a little over one-half 

 of a mile north of Ramseys, a chestnut 60 inches in diame- 

 ter and 50 feet high ; another, three-quarters of a mile north- 

 west, 60 inches in diameter and 45 feet high. Near Camp- 

 gaw we noted a chestnut 62 inches in diameter and 60 feet 

 high, and two others 66 inches in diameter and 50 and 60 feet 

 high ; north of Wyckoff, a large white-wood 36 inches in 

 diameter and 80 feet high ; near Wortendyke, a chestnut 48 

 inches in diameter and 65 feet high. Near Paterson chestnuts 

 were noted 36 to 60 inches in diameter and 60 feet in height ; 

 also, two large black walnuts, near the river, northeast of Pater- 

 son, 42 inches in diameter and 60 feet high. The total con- 

 sumption of saw-mills in this district was ascertained by inquiry 

 to amount to practically 2,400,000 feet, board measure, of lumber, 

 and besides this kindling-wood factories consumed the timber 

 from about 25 acres annually. The whole consumption by these 

 mills would, therefore, probably not exceed the growth from 85 

 acres annually. Besides this use, however, there is the con- 

 sumption for railroad ties, telegraph and telephone poles and 

 fuel, the amount of which has not yet been ascertained. 



As regards the succession of growth, the general opinion 

 seems to be that it is of the same kind as that cut off, although 

 some claim that white oak and hickory are followed by a more 

 mixed growth. It is evident that since cutting-ofT of entire 

 areas of timber seems to have been long ago abandoned in this 

 vicinity, and most of the cutting is by culling out, there cannot 

 be much reliable data obtained on this point ; at Moonachie, 

 maple is said to have succeeded oak, and at other places the 

 succession has been chestnut. There is no room for doubt, how- 

 ever, that as a rule abandoned clearings, which have once been 

 cultivated, grow up in red cedar, although this is occasionally 

 accompanied by, or replaced with, white birch. 



