INDEX. 



325 



o. 



Page 



Oak Bark for Tanning 257 



Oak Coppice 242 



Oak, Galls on 208 



Oak Forest, Water Taken Up By 37 



"Oak Pruners" in Forests 216 



Oaks, Persistence of, in Pine Barrens 243 



Oak Timber, See Under "Forest" and 

 " Timber." 



Oak Trees, Large, 4, Note, 31, 54, 85, 90, 94, 95 



Ongs Hat, Valuation Survey of Forest at 121 



P. 



Palisades Mountain, Forest on 87 



Parks, Natural, Necessity ot 10 



Passaic County, Forests in 16, 65, 81, 84 



" Passaic Range," Forests on.. 61, 73 



Passaic River, infrequent Great Floods 160 



Passaic Valley, Timber in 28, 76 



Passaic Water-shed, Effect of Forests on 141 



Passaic and Raritan Water-sheds Compared... 162 



Pequest Meadows, Timber in...., 51 



Pequest Valley, Timber in 53 



Perth Amboy, Coniferous Flora Limit ..... 188 



Persimmon Tree .'. 259 



Physical Divisions, Natural, Forests of i?-34 



Pigeon Swamp Original Forest 91 



Pinchot, Gifford, Extracts from Report of 



103-123, 125-130, 131-135 



Pinchot, Gifford, References to Report of. 



26 > 33. 35, 3 6 > 37, 39, 4 2 > 101 



Pinchot, Gifford, Reference to 237 



Pinchot, Gifford, on Effects of Fire 103 



Pine, Pitch/*, rigida. 



Of the Pines Border 97 



On the Plains 125-128, 239 



Growth of. 37, 39, 109 



Ability to Resist Fire 103 



For Planting.. 281 



Variation in 184, 193 



Areal Distribution of 38,95, 189 



Predominence of. 97, 186 



Pine, Short-leaf (P. echinata} 



Areal Distribution ....97, 189 241, Note, 242 



Ability to Resist Fire 103 



Growth of... 35, 39, 109, 113, 115 



Value of 242, Note; 281 



Pine, White (Pinus strobus) 



Areal Distribution 188, 237 



Manahawken Swamp 247 



Pine, Jersey {Pinus virginiana) 



In Pines Belt 97 



Distribution and Limits 189, 191 



Pine, Maritime (Pinus maritima) 



Plantations in France 305 



Pine, Scotch (Pinus silvestris) 



For Plantations t 297 



Pine, Old-field (Pinus taeda) 180 



ine Coppice.. .....123,126, 2$ 



Page 

 Pine, Second-growth ....................... 117, 121, 129 



Pine Sprouts .............................. 119, 126-130, 239 



Pine Forests 



Losses by Fire ......... 40, 100, 121-123, 268 



Deterioration by fires .................. 22, 121 



Reproduction of ............... 87, 107,281, 283 



Pine-tree Needles, Scale on ........................... 211 



Pine-tree Chats, use of . ................................ 261 



Pines, The 



Northwest Border of ....................... 95 



Timber in .................................. 29, 113 



Clearings in ................... ................. 98 



Pines and Cedars in Clearings ......... 183 



Value of Land in .............................. 25 



Climate and Rainfall .......... .. ..... .168, 171 



Fire-lanes Needed in ........ 40,269, 270-273 



Dange s of Deforestation, 40, 105, 301, 307 

 Pineries, Southern and Western, Yield of. ...... 33 



Pinelands and Small Farms ............... 270, 289-291 



Plains, the ............ _ .................................... 15 



Plains, the, Descriptions of. ..................... 125, 238 



Plains, the, Cause of Condition ..................... 129 



Plains, the, Age of the Pine on ..................... 126 



Plains, the, Laurel on .................................. 240 



Plains, the, Analyses of Soils of ..................... 299 



Plant Distribution, Causes of Limits ............. 177 



Plant Life, Evolution of.. ............................. 193 



Plant Life of Mesozoic Time ........................ 194 



Plant Life of Cretaceous Period ................... 194 



Plant Life of Tertiary Period ......... ............... 197 



Plant Life, Waning of Gymnosperm Type ..... 200 



Planting in Forest Renewals ......................... 279 



Pochuck Mountain, Forests on ................ ; 46, 54 



Pohatcong Mountain, Forests on .............. 67, 69 



Pohatcong Valley, Deforested ....................... 69 



Poplar, Carolina for Plantations .......... .... ....... 287 



Population, Moral Effects of Fires on ............ 107 



Poultry Farms in the Pines ................. ..... ..... 291 



Preserves, Forest, Necessity for ...... ........... n, 12 



Preserve, Forest, Private ..................... 50, 62, 67 



Preakness Mountain, Forest on ..................... 81 



Quaternary Period and Plant Life ............ ...... 198 



Quercus, Distribution of Species of ............... 185 



Quercus nigra, Areal Distribution of ........... 190 



Quercus nigra, Limit of .............. '. ......... ..... 192 



Quercus Phellos, Areal Distribution of ..... 189, 192 



Quercus Phellos, Limits of .................... 190, 192 



Quercus pumila,Note ................................. 240 



B. 



Railroad Ties. ........ ............................... 20, 24 



Rain-fall and Crops .................................... 140 



Rain-fall and Deforestation ........................... 170 



Rain-fall and Forests .............................. 139, 168 



Rain-fall, Table, by Periods .......................... 170 



Rain-fall and Temperature, Relation of, to 

 Evaporation ..................... ..................... 148 



