136 MANUAL FOR NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 



be followed by a distinct pause that properly varies in length 

 with the size of the body of troops that is to execute the 

 movement. The command of execution should be given the 

 instant the movement is to begin. 



329. Ail changes of direction are simply applications of the 

 principle of leading as explained in pars. 32.3 and 367. 



(a) The turn (par. 386) and half turn (par. 388) are special 

 cases of the change of direction in line in that they involve a 

 change of direction of 90° and //5°, respectively; as executed 

 by the platoon and squad, they differ further from the general 

 case of the change of direction in that the leader follows a 

 specially jn^escribed arc during the turn (par. 387) ; in the 

 troop and larger units, the leader in each case regulates the 

 arc upon which he moves during the turn in accordance with 

 the length of the front and the requirements of the special 

 case. 



( b ) For a change of direction in any column formation, the 

 elements of the column successively change direction on the 

 same ground, the change in each successive element being 

 made in accordance with the principles that regulate the 

 change of direction in line {a). In each successive elemenr; 

 the leader (if any) and the guide move over the same path 

 that is foUoived by the leader at the head of the column. 



330. The principles and methods laid down in the School of 

 the Trooper (dismounted and mounted) are, except as may 

 otherwise be indicated, or where clearly applicable only to in- 

 dividual instruction, to be followed in corresponding instruc- 

 tion in the School of the Squad and in all subsequent training. 

 The same commands apply unless otherwise stated. 



Certain modifications in the execution of some of the move- 

 ments, incident to their use in collective instruction, are noted 

 in appropriate places in the School of the Squad. 



331. Column of twos and of troopers: Movements involving 

 the use of column of twos or troopers, although simple in prin- 

 ciple, are not adapted to execution as movements of precision, 

 and the details of their execution will be regulated accord- 

 ingly (pars. 393^00). Familiarity with the practical use of 

 these formations must be insisted upon, but they will be taken 

 in the simplest manner consistent with efficiency in their use. 



