CHAPTER X. 

 DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 



Diseases of the Nose. 



418. Acute nasal catarrh (cold in the head). — An acute 

 inflammation of the membrane lining the nasal chambers and 

 sinuses. 



Causes. — Exposure to wet and cold, particularly when tired and 

 heated; damp, poorly ventilated stables, and sudden changes in 

 temperature, i. e., from warm to cold. 



Symptoms. — In the early stages there is sneezing or blo\ving and 

 redness of the mucous membrane of the nose. Later a watery dis- 

 charge appears, which soon becomes thick and of a grayish or yellow- 

 ish color. The membranes of the eyes and mouth are reddened and 

 the eyes are watery. In severe cases the disease is ushered in by ar 

 chill (shivering), elevation of temperature, and 1 ss of appetite. 



Treatment. — Place the animal in an is )lated stall which is dry, well 

 ventilated, and free from drafts. Blanket the body, hand riib the- 

 legs and bandage them loosely with flannel. Feed bran mashes, 

 steamed oats, gruels, etc., and keep plenty of fresh water where the- 

 animal can readily reach it. Give one-half ounce potassium nitrate 

 in the feed or drinking water three times daily, or ammonium chloride 

 may be given instead of the p )tassium nitrate. The f )llowing pre- 

 scription is excellent in the treatment of all catarrhal conditions: 



Ammonium chloride ounces. . 3 



Quinine sulphate drams. . . 6 



Potassium nitrate ounces. . 3 



Mix and make into 12 powders. Give a powder three times a day. 



After isolating the affected animal, thoroughly disinfect his stall, 

 his equipment, the watering trough , and everything with which he 

 has come in contact. This rule should be observed in all catarrhal 

 diseases in which there Is a discharge from the nose. 



419. Chronic nasal catarrh (nasal gleet). — A chronic inflam- 

 mation of the membrane lining the nasal chambers and sinuses. 



Causes. — Chronic nasal catarrh sometimes develops from the 

 acute. It may result from tumors in the nasal chambers, inflamma- 

 tion of the mucous membrane of the sinuses, or from ulceration of 



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