23 



During the day time each ISerwan slioukl see to tlio gear of liis 

 three camels aud keep it in repair. It consists of : — 



Fuldn or pack saddle^ composed of a wooden tree and panels 

 or pads of taut stuffed with bhoosa, coarse grass, or rice straw, 

 the latter is the best form of cheap stuffing — the grass is cut 

 into pieces one foot three inches long and laid horizontally in 

 in the pulan. The culm of this grass (Sink) must not, however, 

 be used, as it is too hard (Leach). The tree must bo kept tightly 

 braced, to this end the Arabs cover it with raw camel's hide 

 which they allow to shrink on it. Martin advocates that, when a 

 numnah is not obtainable, the saddle have an undressed sheepskin 

 fixed in it with the wool inwards. He also insists that the pads 

 shall have no sharp points, the corners being turned up and 

 rounded by stitching ; an opening (9 in. by 15 in.) being in the 

 centre to keep it clear of the hump, jiroduced by three tightly 

 drawn stitches through tbe pad and round the central horizontal 

 stick of the tree. This weighs 21 seers inclusive of the Fastening 

 Ropes, three in number : — Goorband or throat strap ; Dumchi or 

 crupper ; and Tung or girth — which is a thin rope running behind 

 the Kahafay or breast pad. " Each camel should have its own 

 saddle, as the pads very soon take the shape of theanimaPs back, 

 and if put on another would rub it'^ (Leach). The loading rope, 

 by means of which the load is fastened on the saddle weighs about 

 four seers. The head collar, leading rope, and nose string together, 

 one seer ; the jhool and suleetah each 8 seers. The total appoint- 

 ments weighing 1 maiind 2 seers, for wbich allowance must be 

 made in telling off the weight to be carried. A margin, also 

 must be left for such contingencies as tents getting wet and 

 roads proving extra-difficult to traverse either in consequence 

 of impediments or as the result of a shower. 



In Loading, the greatest possible care should be taken to have 

 the load evenly divided and well balanced. The pulan having 

 been found to be placed over the hump, squarely and evenly ad- 

 justed, the animal should kneel down to receive the load and not 

 be caused to get up until it is necessary to move on. If, in the 

 course of the march, it is essential to halt for any length of time 

 the camels should be allowed to kneel down and rest themselves. 

 "When a camel will not rise with his load, before forcing him see 

 that the load is not excessive and also that it is properly adjusted 



