46 



times sits foi' day after day in the same place refusing the most 

 tempting morsels of food, and looking a perfect picture of emacia- 

 tion until lie stretches his head out or bends it round and dies 

 quietly. This condition, known among the natives as Dhoobla, is 

 often associated with diarrhoea, dysentery, and, especially, mange. 

 Dropsy (Zharbad) combined with paralysis (Jolay) generally sup- 

 ervenes before death or the attack of aneemia assumes this form 

 from the commencement. On post mortem examination a consi- 

 derable amount of serum may be found present in the serous cavi- 

 ties, partially white clots in the larger vessels and heart, gelatinous 

 matter replacing the fatty material in the grooves of the surface 

 of the heart, complete absence of adipose material, and, very 

 frequently, numerous hydatids in liver, lungs, or spleen. In 

 these cases ari-angements must be made for feeding the patient 

 by himself (as the disease sometimes results from his not getting 

 his fair share of the food given for the three camels of one driver) 

 Tinder i-eliable supervision on palatable fodder, such as neem and 

 burgot, in as large amounts as he will consume, and on boiled 

 oodoodh instead of ordinary gram ; excuse him from all work but 

 give exercise daily ; groom freely and thoroughly and administer 

 vegetable and mineral tonics, for which milk will in extreme cases 

 be found the best vehicle. 



This disorder in camels is often merely the most marked indi- 

 cation of the disease known as Surra, which recent researches 

 have proved to be Relapsing Fever due to the presence of spiral 

 oro-anisms in the blood. Yaldwin speaks of Surra as very com- 

 mon and fatal — the result of overwork in the sun and want of 

 water. As indicated by loss of crispness of the hair and by loose- 

 ness of the hair of the tail. He termed the disease '' Heat Struck," 

 and suggests its treatment with one pound of Ardawa daily or a 

 handful of gfeen Tel soaked with a little salt all night and given in 

 the morning. Dr. Evans added materially to our knowledge of this 

 disease. Ue drew attention to the very considerable losses in 

 camels experienced of the Punjab Frontier Force annually from 

 this disorder, thus for example, in 1878 the 4th Sikhs lost 29 

 camels almost all from Surra, in the following year 41, and in 

 1880, 28. The disease was well known to natives in charge of 

 the animals and attributed by them to a fly, Bura Dhuug, which in 

 May comes from jungle land that has been under water, is very 



