64 



Impaction of the Eumen has recently been observed as a fatal 

 disorder amono- camels used in Avarfare in the Soudan, dae to 

 long periods of dry fodder feeding- witliout supply of water for 

 drinking purposes. The symptoms are those of not-very-urg*ent 

 colic, some benefit results from pouring numerous bottles-full of 

 water down the throat and from frequent doses of oil, combined 

 with the ordinary treatment for colic. 



Enteritis is disease insidious in its approach and most dan- 

 gerous in its results. It seems to generalh^ have its seat in the 

 small intestines in the camel and to assume a subacute character. 

 It is one of the numerous disorders known to the Serwans as Bhao. 

 There is fever, as denoted by warmth of the surface of the body and 

 panting, exhaustion indicated by a pendulous state of lower lip, 

 staggering gait, and tlie patient resting on its side stretched 

 out; twitching of the ears, firm closure of the jaws, and nasal 

 breathing are also given as symptoms. This state generally 

 results from impaction of the intestines and leads to Ascites, 

 when the belly, at first tucked up, becomes round and full and 

 may contain as much as six gallons of fluid (Grilchrist) . The best 

 treatment seems to be opium or bhang in considerable doses 

 combined with calomel and hot water applications or blisters to 

 the belly. Gilchrist mentions " tapping the belly" for ascites but 

 does not state if he ever performed the operation. 



By most authors Costiveness or Constipation is considered a 

 disease per se. Leach describes it under the name SuJchhund, 

 Hodgson Gitptul Hiiclha, and Gilchrist Giittud ha Murz. The 

 animal with bowels persistently confined becomes dull, weak, 

 off feed, restless, and drowsy, and a certain amount of tympany 

 may set in, or severe abdominal pain supervene. When a seer 

 of warm ghi or two ounces of aloes in a pint of milk has opened 

 the bowels the evacuations will be found hard and scanty, often 

 coated with slime, and of a dark colour and fetid odour. The 

 urine is scanty and high coloured. Enemata, laxatives frequently 

 repeated, and fomentations to the belly and, subsequently, calomel 

 in drachm doses will be of benefit. Post-mortem examination, for 

 this state not rarely proves fatal, shows the liver in a pale flabby 

 condition and the bowels ulcerated. Indeed Chronic Constipa- 

 tion must bo considered a form of Enteritis. 



DiAREHffiA, Purging, Dysentery have long been noted as fre- 



