07 



in linear series: the lari^'o lioriiy papilhu cover the inner surface of 

 the cheek leaving that ut" the lips free, these papillaj look mainly 

 back wai'tls and downwards. The pahxte, tongue, andsalivary glands 

 do not differ materially in arrangement from those of the ox. 



In considei'ation of the teeth, a number of ([uestions arise. 

 Firstly, the exact nature of the two upper incisors ; secondly, 

 the exact nmnber of teetli in a full mouth; thirdly, the sexual 

 variations in the number and form ; fourthly, the periods of 

 development or variation with age. These questions cannot as yet 

 be considered satisfactorily solved. Lombardiui "considers as in- 

 cisors, teeth implanted in the anterior maxillary bone, and below 

 in the anterior free margin of the inferior maxilla ; as canines 

 those which have the alveolus hollowed out of the anterior termi- 

 nal angle of the superior maxillary bone above and opposite the 

 maxillary foramen below ; as premolar, the tec^th situated in the 

 region of the jaw which is called the bar." He then fixes the 

 dental formula at i. |; c. I; pm. 'i; m. '■^. 



An important point to be remembered is that the embryo camel 

 distinctly presents the rudimentary tooth capsules of the upper 

 incisors, as may be seen by dissection of a four months' foetus. 



Research seems to show : — That in the female the upper incisors 

 are frequently absent, the premolars in the lower jaw are imper- 

 fectly developed, often one is absent, and the i-ight is most 

 frequently the deficient one. In the male the nundjer of lower 

 molars is somewhat irregular. 



In male or female the total number (18) of molars may be 

 differently distributed, the ten being either in the upper or 

 lower jaw. 



Tonsilar Concretions. — Lombardini records a case of accumula- 

 tion of calculous material in the tonsils. This occnpied the glan- 

 dular orifices, being rather blue in colour near the surface and 

 squamous but yellow and granular in tlie deeper parts. Analysis 

 showed that the principal bases Avere calcium and magesium, 

 there being traces of iron and sodium. Carbonates and phos- 

 phates abounded, but sulphates and chlorides were in very small 

 quantity. There was organic substance both azotised and noii- 

 a/.otised. Densitv 2"'2M7. 



