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maggots^ which especially occur on the belly and thighs in 

 abscesses. In different parts of Africa the tribes of Arabs give 

 different names to the parasite. The larva at the end of July is 

 termed narrah. It seems that the British traveller Bruce was 

 the first to notice this parasite. What relation, if any, it bears 

 to oestrus cameli of the pharynx is uncertain, as also is whether 

 the Seroot and Debab flies are the same or of altogether different 

 species. 



Chapter XII.— MINOR SURGICAL CONDITIONS. 



WOUNDS IN GENERAL.— It has been stated by writers on 

 diseases of the camel that his wounds heal slowly, but this is by 

 no means in accord with universal experience. In the warm dry 

 climate of the Bayuda Desert they were noticed to heal very 

 rapidly, and we have in the Deccan observed the same fact. The 

 real difficulty in dealing with wounds of camels is to keep them 

 clean and untampered with by Serwans. They are generally in the 

 first place due to ill-treatment by attendants, and they are apt to 

 be aggravated by mal-treatment or neglect, in the latter case 

 becoming invaded by maggots, in the former much aggravated in 

 intensity so that sinuses, lymphangitis, and chronic ulcer are of 

 special frequency in cameline practice. Smoothly cut strips of raw 

 hide may in emergency be used for sewing up wounds. The 

 various forms of galls are frequent and severe, needing much care 

 and attention especially on active service. Camels often bite each 

 other when out grazing (Byrne) . 



Bullet wounds present no special features, but the stolid 

 manner in which even very severe injuries of this nature 

 are received by camels has been a matter of comment. One 

 common method of desert fighting consists in using camels as 

 a breastwork, another is to huddle the camels together in a 

 couchant position in the hollow of a square; either of these 

 methods exposes the animal to numerous and varied injuries from 

 fire-arms, cutting and thrusting weapons. Rayment found at 

 Suakin that only a moderate amount of success resulted from 

 treatment of gunshot wounds. 



Branding sores result from too deep sloughing and lead to the 



