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kept on too long, not removed when possible oi* 

 kept on necessarily tlirough long and 

 tedious marches ; 

 badly put on or mal-adjusted, tilting to front or 

 rear, top heavy. or unevenly balanced so 

 that it twists and squeezes the sides ; 

 put on carelessly or badly, owing to ignorance and 

 want of training of loaders. It should not 

 press on the backbone ; 

 tilted backwards by head rope of camel behind 

 being attached to the back of the saddle; 

 shifted, owing to original loose tying or to too 



long marches over bad roads ; 

 difficult and unsuitable. Sacks are much better 

 than cases as camel loads, and long articles, 

 such as ladders and tent poles, are particu- 

 larly trying. 

 (4). Mismanagement or emergency, such as use of riding 

 camels for baggage purposes ; 

 If more than nine or ten hours continuous march- 

 ing daily (Davidson). 

 Treatment of saddle galls is preventive or curative. The 

 former comprises all such points in Camel Hygiene as concern 

 the adjustment of loads, methods and kinds of work, care of 

 saddlery, and so on. Bennett's recommendation that a sacking 

 saddle cloth be part of the equipment of each camel for use under 

 the saddle by day and as a protecting jhool at night might 

 beneficially be generally adopted. Good condition of the animals 

 must be attained and kept up as much as possible, for not only 

 will it lessen liability to injury but also it will tend to thorough- 

 ness of repair and to lessen any defects in vital activity. Caro 

 should be taken that each camel man has repairing tools which 

 he should know how to use and should not neglect ; the lining of 

 the saddle should be dusted and dried daily and chambered where 

 it tends to abrade. By cutting off any ill-fitting parts, re-adjust- 

 ment of stufl&ng, and other expedients, pressure on special spots 

 may be avoided. The skin must be kept in good order by 



