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except what could be attributed to wliip-worms, trichocephali, 

 which were present in the large intestine in very considerable 

 numbers. I had previously been unable to determine the exact 

 cause of the diarrhoea in the camels under observation, but 

 here I found apparently as the cause of the disease worms which 

 are known to produce fatal diarrhoea in some other ruminants, 

 notably in sheep ; as no other cause was apparent I think 

 we may conclude that whip-worms in the bowels may be the 

 cause of cDzootic diarrhoea in the camel, and even produce death, 

 and further that the treatment I adopted in the last case (internal 

 administration of common salt, iron, and chiretta) is that most 

 likely to prevent a fatal result. I am not yet sure whether the 

 whip-worm of the camel is a new species or the same as is found 

 in other ruminants. With regard to the management of camels 

 when sick, I found that although the Serwans thoroughly under- 

 stand the methods of restraint, with side line, rope, or hobbles, as 

 also the administration of solid or liquid remedies, they are very 

 deficient in such matter as tending wounds and nursing the 

 sick, and are generally rather frightened of the animals. 



I am firmly of opinion that these (especially) and all other 

 Transport animals require careful veterinary supervision to keep 

 them in a state of efficiency for service and to protect them from 

 the ignorance and maltreatment by Serwans. I do not believe 

 that these latter dislike their charges but they give them as 

 little attention as they possibly can and forget that they have to 

 do with sentient beings. Probably the fact that the South of 

 India is not a camel country has something to do with this and 

 with the indubitable fact that the camels at the camp were the 

 Transport animals in least satisfactory condition for work. 

 Although not in a position to make an absolute statement in 

 this matter I fear that the Transport animals told off as regimental 

 carriage during the flying march and other operations during 

 the latter half of the time of the camp fared rather badly as con- 

 cerns supervision and diet. At the very time when animals 

 especially require care and good feeding for Transport work 

 they are apt to run short in both respects ; and through inadvert- 

 ence, indifference, or some other cause to be left entirely to the 



