coustautly did 50 miles afc 5 miles per liour. The Arabs will not 

 on any consideration work a fatigned or o-allcd animal, they 

 always halt during the heat of (he day, and will not work in 

 June and July ; they niareh their camels in herds, which tires 

 considerably less than marching in file. . In umny of their 

 practices they cannot be imitated on a campaign. They prefer to 

 water at raid-day and once a day. 



Notr lo. — The officers of the Nile Expeditionary Force much 

 discussed this question of watering. Orders were issued at 

 Korti prior to crossing the Desert to water only once in 3 days 

 but on the da}' of marching to let the camels take their fill of 

 water; however the general order was to, under ordinary circum- 

 stances, water once every 24 hours. Bennett arrived afc the 

 conclusion that it is only necessary to water every other day when 

 on dry food and when the weather is not too hot ; when on green 

 food less often will suffice ; camels can be and are trained to 

 abstinence as regards water. The same writer notes that always 

 after death the so-called #ater sacs contain food, which fact he 

 thinks rather opposes the view of their being special water recep- 

 tacles. {Smith opposes the view that as camels are required to 

 go long distances and periods without water they should be 

 constantly practised in going without. 



''He should be allowed to drink whenever opportunities occur. 

 If the camel is made to travel long distances without water he has 

 to suffer afterwards. He can certainly travel long periods with- 

 out water, owing, in my opinion, entirely to the size of the rumen ; 

 but so can cattle, as was seen when the contractor of meat drove 

 some bullocks from Korti to Glakdal w^ells, and beyond, without 

 w-ater. * * I believe that, but for the difference in the arrange- 

 ment of the foot, the bullock would ti*avel as long as the camel. 

 * * * Great patience should be exerciseel in watering camels ; 

 they will often not drink before the sun rises or after sunset 

 and many require a long time allowed them, being very shy." 



Stuart Wortley gives the following watering rules from the 

 experience gained in the Xile Expedition : — 



(a.) Before a long march do not water for three days, and 

 then allow camels to drink as much as thev like before startiutr. 



