118 MANUAL OF PACK TEANSPORTATIOK. 



Make a second and similar loop and place it on top of the loop first 

 formed, receiving it between the thumb and loop already formed. 



Render slack either way, to permit of hitches being of similar size. 

 Place hitches over object and draw taut. (See Figs. 71, 72, 73, 74.) 



HOW TO FORM A BOWLINE KNOT. 



Sec. 46. With the left hand, palm up, grasp the rope, say, about 12 

 inches from the end, the standing part of the rope extended out 

 from you. 



With the right lay the end or running portion over the standing 

 part, in front of the left hand, and grip both ropes with the thumb 

 and first two fingers. 



Now bring the left hand, holding rope forward, passing over the 

 end of the rope as held by the right hand, and lay this loop or eye on 

 top of the standing rope and grip both ropes between the thumb and 

 first two fingers of the left hand. This operation leaves the end of 

 the rope standing upward in the eye of rope as thus formed. 



Now take the end of the rope in the right hand and bring it for- 

 ward, then under and over the standing rope and back again into the 

 eye of bowline, grip the end between the two first fingers of the left 

 hand and pull taut on the standing rope. See Fig. 79. The rope d 

 forms the loop or eye ; the rope c is that portion first engaged in the 

 loop, as seen in the eye adjoining; d, the rope; a, in first position, 

 adjoins d, as seen in the eye; now follow this rope around, as seen at 

 c and a, and the bowline knot is formed. 



HOW TO FORM THE BOWLINE AND BIGHT, 



Sec. 47. Take a rope and double it at any point determined to form 

 the bight; now grasp the double or loop at end with the right hand, 

 and with left reach forward and grasp both ropes as far as the size of 

 the loop may be determined; bring the loop end of the rope over 

 and under both ropes and into the "eye" thus formed. 



Now with the right hand grasp the loop or double and draw suffi- 

 cient slack to pass the right hand, palm up, from above down through 

 the loop end only. Now grasp the double of the rope in the center 

 of the eye and hold it there. Next bring the loop end forward 

 against the standing part, and turn the rope over, as seen at a. Fig. 

 81, and pull taut on the double of the rope held by the right hand 

 until the loop end compresses on the standing part, and the bowline 

 and bight are formed. 



Note. — In the first instance, the end of rope held in the right hand 

 and brought into the eye'is, in the second instance, brought under 

 and back to the standing part extending forward, the double of the 

 rope enclosed in the eye is drawn toward the body, this forms the 

 loop as seen on the right of d; the loop at d forms the eye or bight. 



This form of knot is used in stretching a picket line, etc. 



HOW TO FORM A SHORT SPLICE ON ROPE. 



Sec. 48. Take two sections of rope of same size diameter and 

 unravel the strands of each section about 6 or 8 inches long; now 

 place the hack of one section on the/ro?i^ of the other section so that 

 the strands of one section will pass between the strands of its mate. 



