2>riY>es anfc Walfes* 75 



correct height must be fixed by means of instruments. 

 The exact location will be found by measuring the distances 

 on the working drawing, and transferring them to the 

 ground with precision. When the curves are long, stakes 

 may be placed ten or more 

 feet apart, but when the turns _r ^U ^JwC/r/r 



u j i i ^ ^mmm. ,^^ 



are short and rounded, the ^fofassmJ^' 



distance should be less, SO f \ Qt SB-GRADING THE SIDES OF A SUNKEN 

 that the exact outline, will be 



well defined. If the roads are to be made of asphalt or 

 cement, a specialist must be employed. The making of 

 macadamized drives and walks is, however, well understood 

 by most gardeners and may be left to them. The dia- 

 grams supplied herewith illustrate the different methods of 

 constructing a drive or walk. 



First, the outline should be marked by means of a line 

 laid on the curve indicated by the stakes, and the edge 

 cut out with a spade. Then the soil is dug away to 

 the desired depth, the road-bed being made equally broad 

 and deep from end to end, with the surface slightly rounded 

 and a couple of inches higher in the middle than at the sides. 

 If the soil is loose and uneven after digging, it must be 

 broken, trodden, and beaten down, so as to form a solid 

 bed. 



If the drive is large, and intended to be used frequently, 

 a good and solid foundation must be made. From four to 

 eight inches of broken stone or small pebbles should be put 

 in the bottom and well packed together with a rammer, or 

 it may be rolled. Over this, when in a proper condition, a 

 layer of about two inches of sandy clay or other binding 



