i22 IRocfes anfc Mater. 



unincumbered with trees and shrubs should descend to the 

 edge of coves and bays. In other words, the plantations 

 should chiefly be on the protruding bluffs of land, and 

 where the land retreats few or no plants should be seen. 



Among trees that are especially effective on shores are the 

 numerous varieties of willow including the weeping willow, 

 dogwood, white alder, arrowwood, elder, and Andromeda, 

 while vines such as the virgin's bower, wild cucumber, 



bryony, and honeysuckle may be planted among the shrub- 

 bery to form natural thickets. The shore, if muddy and 

 slimy, should be covered with pebbles, gravel, or coarse 

 sand, and wide stretches of sandy shore may be made on 

 which the choicest of maritime plants and many showy bul- 

 bous flowers will be at home. 



The bottom of small artificial ponds can be made of solid 



concrete. This should be 

 hidden by coral, tuff stone, 

 and pebbles and the grassy 



FIG. 70. SECTION OF SMALL ARTIFICIAL STREAM J 



WITH CONCRETE BOTTOM ; ROCKY BANKS. or roc ky banks may be 

 made to hide its artificial construction. The edges must 

 here be built with care as the whole impression depends 

 upon a natural appearance. Inlets and outlets must be pro- 

 vided for the water which can be supplied by the general 

 waterworks in the ordinary way; it will then be possible to 

 renew the water occasionally. Round cisterns so often used 



in small gardens must be emptied 

 in autumn before the frosts set 

 in, and may be converted into 



FIG. 71. SAME AS 70; WITH GRASSY 



BANKS. beds of evergreen shrubs and 



creepers for the winter season. 



