a b 2 c d 2 e 2 29 



e2 Leaves notched or rounded a.; cones more than 1 in. and oblong scale* 



expanding widely at maturity . . . CAROLINA HEMLOCK ( Tsuga Caroliniana ) . 



c 2 LEAVES SCALE-LIKE IMBRICATED AND CLOSELY APPRESSED OR AWL-SHAPED, in four 



ranks and making a conspicuously 

 d Flat 2-edged branchlet; cones y 2 in. or less, with few leathery scales, 4 only 



being fertile ARBOR VITAE ( Thuya occidentalis ) . 



d 2 4-angled branchlet; fr. 



e Sublogobose cones, 14 in., with peltate, valvate scales. 



WHITE CEDAR (Chamaecyparis thyoides). 

 e 2 Fleshy, dark blue and glaucous berries (really modified cones) ; 



f Leaves of two kinds, both scale like and awl-shaped; buds naked; fr. 



g Maturing in autumn of first season RED CEDAR (J. Virginiana). 



g 2 Maturing in autumn of second season. 



ROCKY MOUNTAIN RED CEDAR (.7. scopulorum) . 



f 2 Leaves all awl-shaped, buds scaly COMMON JUNIPER (J. communis) . 



cs LEAVES NEEDLE-SHAPED; FRUIT A CONE; 



d Leaves not in fascicles (scattered), short, stiff, pointing every way, ridged 



above and below (4-sided), with woody and persistent bases; 

 e Branchlets pubescent and foliage 



f Yellowish-green; cones l%-2 in., oblong-cylindrical, on stalks which are 

 slightly if at all incurved; cones with subentire scales. 



RED SPRUCE (Picea rubens). 



