PREFACE. 



the reader to the proper term. The cross-references freely 

 given to terms of similar and opposite meanings will be 

 found useful in broadening the scope of the definitions. 



I desire here to express my gratitude to various botanical 

 friends for their contributions to this work, particularly to 

 Dr. W. J. Beal, of the Michigan Agricultural College, who 

 has revised the entire manuscript and improved many of 

 the definitions; to Professor V. M. Spalding, of the Uni- 

 versity of Michigan, who has revised and corrected the 

 terms relating to fungi; to Mr. F. 0. Newcombe for aid 

 upon the terms applied in karyokinesis ; and to Professor 

 L. H. Bailey, of Cornell University, for advance proof-sheets 

 of his glossary of horticultural terms. 



The marking of the pronunciation was begun by Mr. B. 

 Pickman Mann, of Washington, D. C, and completed by 

 Mr. F. P. Jordan, of the University of Michigan. In their 

 work Webster's dictionary was mainly followed as authority. 



Ann Arbor, Mich., January, 1892. 



iv 



