ANT 



APE 



gical and the mental phenomena of his 

 nature. The term is sometimes restricted 

 to the science of Anatomy. 



ANTILO'GARITHM. A term de- 

 noting the number to the logarithm : thus, 

 100 is the antilogarithm of 2, heoause 2 

 is the logarithm of 100. Among the 

 French, the term is more generally em- 

 ployed in the sense of the complement of 

 the logarithm, viz. the remainder pro- 

 duced by subtracting the logarithm from 

 the next higher term in the series 1, 10, 

 100, &c. 



A'NTIMONY. A brittle whitish 

 metal, usually found associated with 

 sulphur. Sometimes this sulphuret is 

 termed crude antimony, to distinguish it 

 from the pure metal, formerly called 

 regulus of antimony, Its name has been 

 fancifully derived from its fatal effects 

 upon some monks {anti-moine), upon 

 whom Valentine is said to have tested its 

 properties. 



Argentine flowers of Antimony is a 

 name for the sesqui-oxide of the metal, 

 derived from its silvery whiteness. In 

 the powder of Algaroth, the physician 

 Algarotti has given his name to the oxy- 

 chloride. The glass, liver, and crocus of 

 antimony are oxy-sulphurets of the old 

 apothecaries ; the saffron is a substance 

 formed by dissolving the oxide of the 

 metal out of the glass, by means of acids. 

 The kermes mineral is a sulphuret, re- 

 sembling in colour the insect kermes ; 

 the golden sulphuret is a similar sub- 

 stance. The butter of antimony is the 

 sesqui-chloride, a soft solid, of the con- 

 sistence of butter. 



A'NTIPERISTA'LTIC (ii/ri, opposite, 

 TreptffTaXTtKof, clasping and compressing). 

 A term denoting that the vermicular con- 

 tractions of a muscular tube follow one 

 another in a direction the reverse of the 

 ordinary one. 



ANTI'PODES (ai/Tt, opposite, 7r66ep, 

 feet). The inhabitants of our globe who 

 live diametrically opposite to each other, 

 and who may therefore be said literally 

 to stand feet to feet. All gravitate to the 

 centre of the earth; and the terms wp and 

 down must be considered, in astronomi- 

 cal language, merely in relation to bodies 

 being further from or nearer to the 

 centre. The antipodes differ in longi- 

 tude 180°, and the one class of inhabi- 

 tants has the same latitude north as 

 the other has south. 



ANTI'SCII (ai/ri, opposite, cr/cm, 

 a shadow). Those inhabitants of the 

 earth, whose shadows fall in opposite di- 

 32 



roctions. The inhabitants of the north 

 and south temperate zones are always 

 antiscians ; those residing within the 

 tropics, are antiscians during only one 

 season of the year. See Ascii. 



ANTISE'PTIC {!xvtI, against, d^iroa, 

 to putrefy). A term applied to substances 

 which prevent putreafction in animal or 

 vegetable matter, as common salt. 



ANTITHESIS {dvTieein^, opposition). 

 In Rhetoric, this term denotes contrast of 

 ideas, whether expressed by single words 

 or by single clauses. Quinctilian renders 

 it by the Latin term contrapositum, and 

 the following is an illustration from 

 Cicero : — " quod scis, nihil prodest ; quod 

 nescis, multum obest." 



ANTI'TROPOUS (civxi, against, xpeTro), 

 to turn). Straight, and having a direction 

 contrary to that of the body to which it 

 belongs ; a term applied in Botany to the 

 direction of the embryo compared with 

 that of the seed : thus, if the nucleus be 

 erect, the embryo may be inverted, and 

 it is then said to be antitropous, as in the 

 nettle. The radicle of the embryo is then 

 turned to the point most remote from the 

 hilum. 



A'NTLIA. The Latin term for a 

 pump, and hence applied to the spiral 

 instrument of the mouth of butterflies 

 and allied insects, by which they pump 

 up the juices of plants. 



A'NTLIA PNEUMA'TICA. The Air- 

 pump ; the name of a constellation in 

 the southern hemisphere. 



ANTCE'CI (uvTt, opposite, oIko^, a ha- 

 bitation). Those who live under the same 

 meridian, and at the same distance from 

 the equator, but the one party having 

 north, and the other south latitude. See 

 Ascii. 



A'NTONOMA'SIA {dvrl, instead of, 

 ovojxa, a name). A rhetorical figure, by 

 which a proper name is used for a cha- 

 racteristic appellation, as when a bene- 

 factor is called " a Howard," a despot " a 

 Turk;'' or vice versa, as when a queen 

 is called " Her Majesty," or Homer " the 

 prince of poets." 



A'ORIST (uopjo-Tov, indeterminate). 

 A term applied, in Grammar, to those 

 inflexions of the verb in which the time 

 of the action is undefined. 



A'PATITE (aTraraa), to deceive). Phos- 

 phate of lime ; a mineral which occurs in 

 tin veins, and possesses phosphorescent 

 properties. It is named from its having 

 been confounded with other minerals. 



A'PERTURE {apertura, a little open- 

 ing). The mouth of univalve shells, or 



