CON 



CON 



calcareous, or argillaceous nature. The 

 term is synonymous with the Italian 

 word breccia. 



CONIC SECTIONS. The designation 

 of that science which treats of the pro- 

 perties of certain curves which are formed 

 by the cutting of a cone. These curves, 

 or sections, are the ellipsis, the parabola, 

 and the hyperbola. 



CONICAL PROJECTION. A me- 

 thod of describing a representation of a 

 part of a sphere upon a plane. 



CO'NICINE. A vegeto-alkali exist- 

 ing in all parts of the conium maculatum, 

 or hemlock. It is also called conia and 

 coneine. 



CONI'FERiE. The Fir or cone-bearing 

 tribe of Dicotyledonous plants. Trees or 

 shrubs with a stem abounding with re- 

 sin ; leaves linear, acerose, or lanceolate ; 

 flowers monoecious, or dioecious ; ovarium 

 in the cones, spread open, appearing like 

 a flat scale destitute of style or stigma ; 

 fruit a solitary naked seed or a cone; 

 seeds with a hard crustaceous integu- 

 ment. 



CONI'NiE. The Cone-shells ; a sub- 

 family of the Slromhidce, or Wing-shells, 

 named from the typical genus eonus, 

 having the spire so depressed as to be 

 turbinated, and scarcely raised above the 

 body-whorl; the aperture is always 

 smooth ; the outer lip without any lobe, 

 and only slightly detached above. 



CONIRO'STRES {conus, a cone, ros- 

 trum, a beak). A large group of the 

 Insessores, or Perching birds, character- 

 ized by a stout beak, more or less conical, 

 and with regular edges, including the 

 crows, starlings, finches, hornbills, and 

 crossbills. The structure of their feet 

 enables them to walk on the ground with 

 nearly the same facility as they perch 

 upon trees. 



CO'NITE. A mineral found in the 

 Meissner trap-hill in Hessia, &c. The 

 same name has been applied to another 

 pulverulent mineral, found in the trap- 

 hills of Kilpatrick and other places. 



CO'NJUGATE {conjugatus, yoked toge- 

 ther). A term applied, in Mathematics, 

 to two lines, points, &c., when considered 

 together in any property in such a man- 

 ner that they may be interchanged with- 

 out altering the way of enunciating the 

 property. ' 



CONJUGATION {conjugo, to yoke 

 together). A term, in grammar, denot- 

 ing all the inflexions of a verb, with re- 

 lation to mood, time, number, person, 

 voice, &c. 



CONJUNCTION {conjungo, to join 

 together). A part of speech used to join 

 words and propositions together. It is 

 termed copulative, when it not only joins 

 the words, but indicates that the things 

 are to be united ; disjunctive, when it 

 unites the words, but indicates that the 

 things are to be separated. 



CONJUNCTION and OPPOSITION. 

 When a planet, as seen from the earth, 

 is in the same direction as the sun, it is 

 said to be in conjunction with the sun. 

 This, however, in the case of an inferior 

 planet, may be either when it passes be- 

 tween the sun and the earth, or when it 

 is on the further side of the sun ; the for- 

 mer is the Inferior, and the latter the 

 Superior Conjunction. A superior planet, 

 never passing between the sun and the 

 earth, is only once in conjunction with 

 the sun during its revolution. In the 

 point of its orbit, when the earth is be- 

 tween it and the sun, the planet is said 

 to be in Opposition to the sun. The Con- 

 junctions and Oppositions of the moon 

 have the general name of Syzygies. 



CONNATE {connascor, to be born to- 

 gether). Born with another ; congenital. 

 A term applied in botany to two opposite 

 leaves united at their bases, as in the 

 garden honeysuckle. 



CONNE'CTIVE. That part of the 

 stamen in plants which connects the two 

 lobes or cells of the anther ; it is usually 

 continuous with the filament, but is fre- 

 quently enlarged in various ways. 



CO'NOID (kSi/oc, a cone, etdo?, like- 

 ness). A geometrical solid, formed by 

 the motion of a parabola or of a hyper- 

 bola round its axis. Conoids vary in 

 thickness in comparison with their 

 height, according to the proportions of 

 the parabola, or hyperbola, by which they 

 are generated. The spheroids, some- 

 times included in the class of conoids, 

 are more usually limited to the parabo- 

 loid and the hyperboloid. The term 

 conoid is sometimes used synonymously 

 with spheroid, although the latter has no 

 resemblance to single cones, and but 

 little to double ones. 



CO'NSEQUENT. In Logic, that part 

 of a conditional proposition which de- 

 pends on the other. By consequence is 

 meant the connexion between the ante- 

 cedent and the consequent of a con- 

 ditional proposition. 



CO'NSONANCE {consono, to sound 

 together). A term applied, in Music, to 

 a combination of harmonious sounds. See 

 Chord, 



