EME 



EN A 



vided with a canal ; the leaf of box, &c. 

 The term is opposed to immarginate. 



EMBERlZINiE {emberiza, the bunt- 

 ing). Emberizine birds, or Buntings ; a 

 family of the Deglubitrices of Macgil- 

 livray, which gradually pass into the 

 passeres, or sparrows. They have a strong, 

 rapid, rather undulated flight, and move 

 on the ground by short leaps. 



EMBOITEMENT (the situation of 

 one box within another, from hoite, a 

 box). A term used by Bonnet to describe 

 that species of generation by which 

 hundreds and thousands of individuals 

 lie one within the other, each possessing 

 a complete series of organized parts. See 

 Evolution. 



EMBOLI'SMIC (eju/SoXto-juof, inter- 

 calation). A terra synonymous with 

 intercalary, generally applied to the ad- 

 ditional months required to fill up the 

 lunar cycle. 



E'MBRYO {^fxftpvov, from hv, in, /Spuw, 

 to bud forth). Corculum. In Botany, a 

 fleshy body occupying the interior of the 

 seed, and constituting the rudiment of 

 the future plant. It is distinguished 

 into three parts, the radicle, the coty- 

 ledons, and the plumule. 



1. Embryo-buds. A term applied by 

 Butrochet to those nodules which occur 

 in the bark of the beech, and some other 

 trees, and which are externally indicated 

 by small tumours of the bark. He con- 

 siders them to be adventitious buds 

 arrested in their development. 



2. Embryo, Fixed. This term has 

 been applied by some botanists to the 

 leaf-bud. The function of the two or- 

 gans is analogous, but their origin and 

 structure are entirely different. The leaf- 

 bud consists of both vascular and cellular 

 tissue, the embryo of cellular tissue only ; 

 the leaf-bud is produced without fertili- 

 zation, which is essential to the embryo ; 

 lastly, the leaf-bud perpetuates the indi- 

 vidual, the embryo continues the species. 



EMBRYO'TEGA {en/Spvov, embryo, 

 reyoi, a covering). A small callosity ob- 

 served in some seeds, at a short distance 

 from the hilum ; it gives way, like a lid 

 or covering, at the time of germination, 

 for the emission of the radicle of the 

 embryo. 



E'MERALD. A gem found in Peru, 

 of a green colour, rather harder than 

 quartz, and always in crystals, which are 

 translucent and generally transparent. 

 Prismatic emerald is the euclase of Haiiy ; 

 rhomboidal emerald comprises the pre- 

 cious emerald and beryl. What is called 

 120 



Oriental emerald is o. green sapphire. The 

 emerald of Brazil is a tourmaline. 



EME'RSION. An astronomical term, 

 denoting the re-appearance of a heavenly 

 body from behind another, after an eclipse 

 or occultation. 



E'MERY. A granular variety of 

 corundum, found in Spain, the Greek 

 islands, &c., and named from Cape 

 Eineri, in the island of Naxos. When 

 triturated and attached to brown paper, 

 it forms emery paper, and is used for 

 polishing. 



EMISSION, THEORY OF. Corpus- 

 cular theory. A theory propounded by 

 Newton for explaining the nature of 

 light. According to this, the sun, as well 

 as all luminous bodies, has the property 

 of emitting exceedingly minute particles 

 of its substance in right lines witli 

 prodigious velocity. See Undulaiory 

 Theory. 



EMPFRICAL (e/iTretptKop, expe- 

 rienced). A term applied to an act 

 which is purely experimental, or per- 

 formed without previous experience or 

 principle of guidance. It is remarkable 

 that the term empiricism, which, strictly 

 speaking, is the character of modern 

 science, should have fallen into disgrace, 

 and serve only to designate the practice 

 of ignorant pretenders in the medical 

 art. 



EMPYREU'MA (ktiirvpevu), to set on 

 fire). The peculiar vapour produced by 

 destructive distillation. Empyreumatic 

 oils are obtained by distilling organic 

 substances at high temperatures. Harts- 

 horn is called the empyreumatic alkali. 



E'MYDiE {emys, a tortoise). Fresh- 

 water Turtles, or Mud-Tortoises ; a 

 family of Chelonian reptiles, intermediate 

 in form between the turtles and the land- 

 tortoises. They are distinguished from 

 the marine turtles by the distinctness of 

 their clawed toes, which are, however, 

 webbed, to enable them to swim, and to 

 prevent their sinking in the mud. 



E'MYDO-SAURI ANS {hnv9, the water- 

 tortoise, cravpa, a lizard). An order of 

 the class Reptilia, including the tribe of 

 Crocodiles, which form part of the order 

 Sauria of Cuvier. 



ENA'MEL. A peculiar preparation 

 of glass, used in painting on enamel, in 

 the imitation of precious stones, &c. 

 Common glass, fused with oxide of tin, 

 is converted into enamel. 



ENA'LIOSAU'RIA {hvaXioi, marine, 

 aavpa, a lizard). An order of Reptiles, 

 intermediate between the Turtles and 



