ENT 



EPA 



in Music, which proceeds by quarter 

 tones. Thus a distinction is made be- 

 tween C sharp and D flat, the former 

 being j|ths, the latter ^ths of the string 

 sounding C. The transition from the 

 one to the other of these intervals is 

 called an enharmonic change, and a 

 change of key so elFected is termed an 

 enharmonic modulation. In the modern 

 scale these intervals are practically dis- 

 regarded. 



E'NNEAGON {hvvea, nine, ^wv/a, an 

 angle). A plane geometrical figure 

 bounded by nine sides. Assuming the 

 sides to be equal, and representing a 

 side by 1, the area of an enneagon is 

 6-18182. 



ENNEA'NDRIA (ewea, nine, avt^p, 

 man). The ninth class of plants in the 

 system of Linnaeus, characterized by the 

 presence of nine stamens. 



ENS. The present participle of the 

 verb sum^ employed as a substantive in 

 philosophical language for any being or 

 existence. In Chemistry, it denotes a 

 substance supposed to contain all the 

 qualities or virtues of the ingredients 

 from which it is drawn, in a small com- 

 pass : thus we have ens Martis, ammo- 

 niated iron ; ens Veneris, muriate of 

 ammonia and copper; ens primum, an 

 alchemical tincture for the transmutation 

 of the metals. 



E'NSIFORM {ensisy a sword, forma, 

 likeness). Gladiate. Sword-shaped ; 

 lorate ; straight, flat, and pointed, as the 

 leaf of iris. 



ENTHELMI'NTHA (Ivto?, within, 

 eXM'vr, a worm). Intestinal worms; a 

 term synonymous with entozoa. 



E'NTHY MEME {hOviuLnna, a thought). 

 An argument, called by Aristotle the 

 rhetorical syllogism, i. e. a syllogism 

 drawn from probable premises, and 

 which, therefore, does not pretend to be 

 demonstrative. In Logic, however, the 

 term denotes an abridged form of argu- 

 ment or syllogism, in which one premiss 

 is expressed, and the other understood, 

 whether major or minor, as "Caesar 

 was a tyrant ; therefore he deserved 

 death." 



ENTIRE. A term applied, in Botany, 

 to leaves which have no marginal divi- 

 sion, or toothings of any kind, as the 

 leaves of galium. Sometimes it denotes 

 7iot pinnatifid ; and also, nearly destitute 

 of marginal division. 



E'NTOMOLINE {h^o^lov, an insect). 

 A peculiar chemical principle, found in 

 large quantities in the wings and elytra 

 122 



of coleopterous insects, and termed chi- 

 tine by M. Odier. 



ENTOMO'LOGY (eVrojuoi/, an insect, 

 A670?, an account). That branch of 

 Zoology which treats of insects. The 

 Greek word evrofxa, as well as the Latin 

 term insecta, relates to the division of 

 the body of these animals into numerous 

 segments. 



ENTOMOTHAGOUS (eVro/xa, in- 

 sects, (pdyto, to devour). Insect-eating; 

 a term applied, in Zoology, to those ani- 

 mals which subsist on insects. 



ENTOMOSTO'MATA (e'l/To/io./, an 

 insect, (TTo/jia, a mouth). The name 

 given by De Blainville to a family of 

 conchiferous mollusca, in which the 

 mouth is armed with a proboscis. They 

 constitute the second family of his first 

 order Siphonobranchiata, and are nearly 

 identical with the genus buccinum of 

 Linnaeus. 



ENTOMO'STRACA {hrofia, insects, 

 oa-TpaKov, a shell). Shell insects ; a sec- 

 tion of the Crustacea, many of which are 

 enclosed in an integument, like a bivalve 

 shell. They are distinguished into the 

 Entomostraca proper, and the Xipho- 

 sura. The orders are Copepoda and 

 Ostrapoda. 



ENTOZO'A (evTof, within, ^Zov, an 

 animal). Intestinal worms ; a class of 

 articulated animals, comprising the pa- 

 rasites which inhabit the internal parts 

 of other animals. 



EN'TROCHI {kv, in, rpoxor, a wheel). 

 A genus of fossils, consisting of several 

 round joints, which, when detached from 

 one another, are called trochitce. They 

 seem to be the petrified arms of that 

 singular species of the sea star-fish, 

 called Stella arborescens. 



E'OCENE (rjw9, the dawn, Kaivo^, re- 

 cent). A designation of the lowest divi- 

 sion of the tertiary strata, containing an 

 extremely small per centage of living 

 species among its fossil shells, which in- 

 dicates the first commencement, ox dawn, 

 of the existing state of the animate crea- 

 tion. 



ETACT (^TraKTOp, adscititious). A 

 term applied, in Astronomy, to the num- 

 ber of days by which the solar year ex- 

 ceeds the lunar. The year of 365^ days, 

 contains twelve lunations and nearly 

 eleven days more ; so that, were it to 

 begin with the new moon, she would be 

 eleven days old on the first day of the 

 succeeding year; the next year she 

 would be twenty-two days ; and on the 

 third new year's day she would have 



