58 GRAMINEAE (GRASS FAMILY) 



3-6 cm. long; the branches appressed: spikelets green or purple, 2 mm. long: 

 glumes subequal, acute, scabrous; lemma 1.5 mm. long, awnless, a few short 

 hairs at the base; palet very minute. From Wyoming to Washington and 

 California. 



7. Agrostis hiemalis (Walt.) B. S. P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 68. 1888. Erect 

 slender tufted biennial or perennial, 3-6 dm. high: leaves 5-12 cm. long, 1-3 

 mm. wide, usually erect, roughish: panicle 2-7 cm. long, usually purplish, 

 the capillary scabrous branches ascending, sometimes widely spreading, or 

 often drooping, the divisions spikelet-bearing at the extremities: spikelets 

 1.5-2 mm. long: glumes acute, scabrous toward the apex on the keel; lemma 

 two thirds the length of the first or equaling it, obtuse, rarely bearing a short 

 awn; palet usually very small. A. scabra. In most parts of North America. 



8. Agrostis idahoensis Nash, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 24: 42. 1897. Erect 

 slender loosely or densely tufted perennial, 6-25 cm. high: leaves flat or con- 

 duplicate, 2-8 cm. long, 1-2 mm. wide: panicle pyramidal or more or less con- 

 tracted, often purplish, 2-8 cm. long: spikelets 1.5-2.5 mm. long: glumes 

 acute, nearly equal; lemma slightly shorter than the glumes, awnless, obtuse, 

 often minutely toothed at apex, 3-4-nerved above, 5-nerved below; palet 

 usually wanting, when present minute or two thirds as long as the lemma. 

 In the mountains; from Colorado to California. 



9. Agrostis melaleuca (Trin.) A. S. Hitch. 1. c. Plants scattered, of single 

 or few culms, 30-50 cm. high, leafy: panicle copper-colored, oblong, open:\ 

 lemma awned. This species, which belongs primarily to the sphagnum 

 swamps of the far Northwest, has been reported from alpine stations in Colo- 

 rado. 



30. C ALA M AGROSTIS Adans. REED GRASS 



Perennials or rarely annuals, various in habit, with flat leaves and small 

 spikelets in open or contracted panicles. Spikelets 1-flowered, the rachilla 

 usually prolonged beyond the flower and pubescent. Glumes carinate, mem- 

 branous; lemma hyaline, shorter than the outer glume, obtuse, usually copi- 

 ously long-hairy at the base, or rarely the hairs scanty or short, and bearing a 

 straight, bent, or twisted dorsal awn; palet shorter, 2-nerved. Stamens 3. 

 Styles short, distinct; stigmas plumose. Grain free, inclosed by the glume 

 and palet, and more or less adherent. Deyeuxia. 



Panicle more or less open, the lower rays often long and spreading. 



Lemma 4-toothed, with short stout awn . . . . . 1. C. Scribneri. 



Lemma bifid, wjfeh weak slender awn . . . . . . 2. G. canadensis. 



Panicle rather narrow and dense, all the rays short, ascending or erect. 

 Leaves more or less involute, at least at tip. 

 Erect, rigid and taper-pointed. 



Smooth 3. C. Suksdorfii. 



Scabrous. 



Awn bent and twisted 4. C. purpurascens. 



Awn stout and straight 5. C. montanensis. 



Lax and almost filiform . . . . . . . . 6. C. neglecta. 



Leaves flat or nearly so. 

 Sheaths smooth. 

 Culms densely tufted . . . . . . . . 7. C. hyperborea. 



Culms scarcely tufted 8. C. inexpansa. 



Sheaths rough . . . . . . . . . . 9. C. scopulorum. 



1. Calamagrostis Scribneri Beal, Grasses N. A. 2: 343. 1896. Culms 5-8 

 dm. high, slender: leaves flat, 2-3 dm. long: panicle contracted, 10-15 cm. 

 long, the branches somewhat spreading: spikelets 4 mm. long, brown or pur- 

 plish: glumes lanceolate, acute, scabrous on the back; lemma shorter, 4-toothed 

 at apex; the awn straight, attached below the middle, equaling the outer 

 glume; palet as long as its lemma, irregularly 2-toothed; callus hairs about 

 one-half as long as the lemma. Wyoming and Montana to Washington. 



2. Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Beauv. Agrost. 157. 1812. Culms 

 erect, smooth, 8-12 dm. high, rarely branching below: leaves about 3 dm. 

 long, 4-8 mm. broad, flat; ligule short, lacerate; sheaths appressed, shorter 

 than the internocies: spikelets 2-3 mm. long: glumes unequal, lanceolate, 



