60 GRAMINEAE (GRASS FAMILY) 



variable, sometimes exceeding the lemma. From our range to the Atlantic 

 States. 



9. Calamagrostis scopulorum J^nes, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. II. 5: 722. 1895. 

 Culms densely tufted, 5-7 dm. high: leaves coarse, striate-nerved, 6 mm. 

 broad and about 3 dm. long; ligule scabrous: inflorescence spicate, 8-15 cm. 

 long; rays about 5, pubescent: spikelets pale, appressed, about 4 mm. long: 

 glumes equal, ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous and hyaline except the sca- 

 brous nerve; lemma 4-toothed at apex, scabrous throughout, equaling the 

 glabrous 2-toothed hyaline palet; callus hairs shorter than the palet. South- 

 western Colorado to Nevada. 



31. CALAMOVILFA Hack. 



Rather tall, rigid perennials with stout horizontal rootstocks, elongated 

 leaves and loosely spreading panicles. Spikelets 1-flowered, the rachilla not 

 prolonged beyond the flower. Glumes 1-nerved, acute, unequal; lemma 

 longer or shorter than the second glume, with a ring of hairs at the base; palet 

 strongly 2-keeled. Stamens 3. Styles distinct; stigmas plumose. Grain free. 



1. Calamovilfa longifolia (Hook.) Hack. True Grasses 113. 1890. Culms 

 3-9 dm. long, erect, simple, stout, smooth and glabrous: sheaths crowded and 

 overlapping, glabrous or rarely pilose; leaves 2-3 dm. long or more: panicle 

 narrow, often 3 dm. long or more, pale, the branches erect or ascending, the 

 lower 10-25 cm. long: spikelets 6-8 mm. long: glumes acute, smooth, the first 

 shorter than the second; lemma a little longer or slightly shorter than the 

 second glume, and nearly twice the length of the copious basal hairs; palet 

 slightly shorter than the lemma. Sandy soil; more or less frequent through- 

 out our range. 



32. DESCHAMPSIA Beauv. HAIR GRASS 



Annuals or perennials with flat or involute leaves, and rather small, shining 

 spikelets in terminal or lateral, narrow or loose panicles. Spikelets 2-flowered, 

 both flowers perfect, the hairy rachilla extended beyond the flowers or rarely 

 terminated by a staminate one. Glumes keeled, acute, membranous, shining, 

 persistent; the lemmas of about the same texture, deciduous, bearing a dorsal 

 awn, the apex toothed; palet narrow, 2-nerved. Stamens 3. Styles distinct; 

 stigmas plumose. Grain oblong, free, inclosed in the lemma. 



Panicle open, its branches spreading . . . . . . 1. D. caespitosa. 



Panicle strict, its branches erect or appressed . . . . 2. D. elongata. 



1. Deschampsia caespitosa (L.) Beauv. Agrost. 91, t. 18. 1812. Densely 

 caespitose, with very numerous basal leaves: stems erect, slender, 6-10 dm. 

 high: sheaths much shorter than the internodes; leaves flat, smooth beneath, 

 scabrous above; the basal about one third as long as the stem: panicle open, 

 8-15 cm. long, the branches widely spreading, often somewhat flexuous, the 

 lower 5-12 cm. long: spikelets 3-4 mm. long: glumes unequal, 1-3-nerved, 

 lanceolate, acute; lemmas oblong, erose, truncate at the apex; awn straight, 

 inserted above the middle, 2-4 mm. long. Frequent in moist meadow-like 

 grounds; throughout our range, far northward and across the continent. The 

 species is variable and some varieties have been named, but they are in turn 

 variable. 



2. Deschampsia elongata (Hook.) Munro, in Benth. PI. Hartw. 342, t. 228. 

 1857. Culms slender, tufted, 2-4 dm. high: leaves narrow, mostly smooth, 

 4-10 cm. long: panicle narrow, simple or branching, about one third as long 

 as its culm; the rays capillary, scabrous, appressed, bearing spikelets from the 

 middle up: glumes equal, ovate-lanceolate or narrower, 3-nerved, green and 

 scabrous on the keel; lemma broad, 5-toothed, indistinctly or not nerved; 

 palet 2-toothed; awn slender, from near the base, about 4 mm. long. North- 

 ern Wyoming to California and Washington. 



