204 BERBERIDACEAE (BARBERRY FAMILY) 



ments capillary; anthers linear, mucronate or apiculate: achenes usually 

 several in the head, ovate or ovate-oblong, flattened and 2-edged, somewhat 

 oblique, the ventral edge more gibbous, 3-nerved on each face, 5-6 mm. 

 long. Southern Colorado, southward and westward. 



4. Thalictrum occidentale Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 372. 1872. Stem 5-10 

 dm. high, rather stout, 2-3-leaved: leaves 2-4-ternate; leaflets thin, glauces- 

 cent, 15-20 mm. long, the lobes rounded: flowers as in the last: pistils several, 

 usually only a few maturing: achenes scarcely oblique, ovate-lanceolate or 

 narrower, 7-9 mm. long, strongly 3-nerved on the faces. Colorado, far north- 

 ward and west to the coast. 



5. Thalictrum venulosum Trelease, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 23: 302. 

 1886. Glabrous aiid glaucous: stem 2-5 dm. high, often purplish: leaves 

 3-4-ternate, rather long-petioled ; leaflets approximate, but primary peti- 

 olules rather long, firm, suborbicular and crenate, whitened and veiny be- 

 low: inflorescence rather narrow: achenes 6-8, but slightly flattened, narrowed 

 to a nearly straight beak, the nerves at maturity becoming enlarged, almost 

 carinate-angled. From Colorado to British America. 



6. Thalictrum dasycarpum F. & L. Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 8: 72. 1844. 

 Glabrous or glandular-pubescent, 8-15 dm. high, often purplish, branching 

 above: leaves 3-4-ternate; leaflets thick, oblong or obovate, dark green above, ' 

 often waxy beneath and with revolute margins, coarsely few-toothed around 

 the summit: flowers in lax somewhat pyramidal panicles, polygamo-dioecious: 

 anthers cuspidate: achenes ovoid, glabrous or pubescent, short-stipitate, with 

 6-8 salient ribs. T. Cornuti. Moist open woods; from the Rocky Mountains 

 to the Atlantic coast. 



46. BERBERIDACEAE T. & G. BARBERRY FAMILY 



Our species are shrubs with alternate simple or compound leaves and no 

 stipules. The flower parts are distinct and free, and are opposite to each other 

 instead of alternate; the anthers open by uplifted valves. Sepals and petals 

 imbricated and deciduous. Pistil one, simple; style short or none. Fruit a 

 berry. 



1. BERBERIS L. BARBERRY 



Shrubs with yellow wood, simple or compound often spiny leaves, and 

 yellow racemose flowers. Sepals 6, yellow, with 3 or 6 closely appressed 

 bracts. Petals six, imbricated in two series, each with 2 basal glands. Sta- 

 mens 6. Stigma circular and peltate. Fruit a berry with 1-3 seeds. 



Stems unarmed. 



Prostrate or trailing . . . 1. B. aquifolium. 



Erect, 10-30 dm. high . 2. B. Fremontii. 



Stems spine-bearing . . . . . . . . . . 3. B. Fendleri. 



1. Berberis aquifolium Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 219. 1814. A low glabrous 

 shrub, trailing or sometimes suberect; the stems rarely more than 1-3 dm. 

 long: leaves pinnately compound; leaflets 3-7, ovate to oblong, acute or with 

 rounded apex, spinulose-dentate : racemes few, terminating the stems: berry 

 globose, blue or purple, about 6 mm. in diameter. B. repens. (Odostemon 

 Rydb. Fl. Col. 148.) Commonly known as OREGON GRAPE. British Colum- 

 bia to New Mexico. 



2. Berberis Fremontii Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 30. 1859. A shrub 15-30 

 dm. high: leaflets 2-3 pairs, the lowest pair close to the base of the petiole, 

 repand-dentate and spiny: berries somewhat ovate, 5-8 mm. in diameter, 

 dark blue. (Odostemon Rydb. 1. c.) Infrequent; canons; southwestern 

 Colorado to Mexico. 



3. Berberis Fendleri Gray, PL Fendl. 5. 1848. Low but erect shrubs, 5-10 

 dm. high;' stems smooth and shining as if varnished: leaves entire or denticu- 



