PAPAVERACEAE (POPPY FAMILY) 205 



late, lucid, seemingly simple and fascicled but really compound-unifoliate 

 (the lower leaflets being transformed into rigid spines) : raceme crowded, few- 

 flowered, spreading or drooping: berries oval. Southern Colorado and south- 

 ward. s 



47. PAPAVERACEAE B. Juss. POPPY FAMILY 



Herbs with watery, milky, or heavy yellow sap, the leaves exstipulate, 

 alternate or more rarely the uppermost opposite. Flowers perfect, regular 

 or irregular. Sepals early deciduous, 2 or rarely 3-4. .Petals imbricated, 4 

 or more, these also rather early deciduous. Stamens distinct, hypogynous, 

 with filiform filaments and longitudinally dehiscent anthers. Ovary usually 

 1-celled, with many ovules, becoming a dehiscent 1-celled capsule. Papa- 

 veraceae and Fumariaceae. 



Flowers regular; capsule dehiscent at the summit. 

 Sap milky. 



Stemless alpine perennial ... . 1. Papaver. 



Stems stout, hispid, leafy . 

 Sap yellow; stem spinescent . 

 Flowers irregular; capsule dehiscent to the base 

 The two outer sepals spurred at the base 

 Only one of the sepals spurred at the base 



watery. 



2. Enomegra. 



3. Argemone. 



4. Dicentra. 



5. Corydalis. 



I. PAPAVER L. POPPY 



Ours is a small subcaespitose perennial, with pinnately parted leaves and 

 solitary scapose flowers ; sap milky and narcotic. Sepals 2. Petals 4. Ovary 

 1-celled, with 5-7-placentae which project into the cell partially dividing it; 

 stigmatic lobes or rays as .many. Capsule dehiscent by pores which open 

 under the edge of the stigma. 



1. Papaver alpinum L. Sp. PI. 507. 1753. More or less hispid-hirsute: 

 scapes less than 1 dm. high: leaves ovate in outline, deeply lobed or parted; 

 the divisions entire or nearly so: petals yellow: capsule hispid. P. nudicaule. 

 It seems very probable that P. pygmaeum Rydb. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 29: 159. 

 1902, will prove to be the same. Rare; alpine in our highest mountains. 



2. ENOMEGRA A. Nels. 



Coarse perennial herbs with thick milky sap, and alternate pinnate or bi- 

 pinnate leaves which are green and sometimes glaucescent but not splotched 

 with white. Pubescence of two kinds: hispid-spinescent on stem and cap- 

 sules and sparsely so on the toothed lobes of the leaves and on their veins; 

 also a short puberulence which on the stem and capsules tends to become 

 hispid. Flowers crowded in a terminal cluster on the simple stems. Sepals 3. 

 Petals 4-6. Stamens numerous. Capsule 4-valved, with dilated 4-lobed 

 stigma. Seeds numerous, flattened, scarcely pitted. Argemone in part. 



1. Enomegra hispida (Gray) A. Nels. Key Ry. Mt. Fl. 27. 1902. Stems 

 usually several from the deep-set root, 3-6 dm. high: flowers large, 6-9 cm. 

 broad: sepals hispid near the cornuate subcucullate apex, conspicuously 

 reticulate-veiny, and inequilateral by the wing-like membranous margin on 

 one side: petals suborbicular or reniform: filaments and anther both narrow, 

 subequal. Argemone platyceras in part. (Argemone bipinnatifida Greene, 

 Pitt. 3: 346. 1898.) Sandy valleys and slopes; southern Wvoming to New 

 Mexico. 



3. ARGEMONE L. PRICKLY POPPY 



Mostly herbaceous annuals with orange-yellow thick acrid sap, and sinuate 

 or pinnatifid spinulose-dentate glaucous leaves, more or less splotched with 



