UMBELLIFERAE (PARSNIP FAMILY) 



347 



each other supported on the summit of a slender axis (the carpophore), each 

 with 5 primary ribs in their pericarps (rarely ribless), and in some genera 

 with 4 additional secondary ones, the ribs or some of them often winged. 

 Pericarp membranous or corky-thickened, usually containing oil-tubes be- 

 tween the ribs or under the ribs, and on the commissural side; oil-tubes some- 

 times irregularly scattered, sometimes none. 



3ly divided; the fruit covered with hooked bristles 

 Leaves various; fruit not bristly (except in No. 2). 



Leaves simple and perfoliate 



Leaves, or some of them, not simple; oil-tubes present. 



Fruit more or less bristly on the margins .... 

 Fruit smooth. 



Fruit strongly flattened dorsally. 

 Oil-tubes solitary in the intervals. 

 Stylopodium conical. 



Plants with small glabrous pinnate or ternate 



leaves or some of the leaves simple . 

 Plants stout, with large rough ternately compound 



Stylopodium flat or wanting. 

 Plants tall and often branching. 



Flowers white 



Flowers yellow ....... 



Plants acaulescent or nearly so. 



Calyx-teeth and Stylopodium wanting 

 Calyx-teeth and Stylopodium evident 

 Oil-tubes more than one in the intervals. 

 Plants caulescent and branching. 



Leaves ternately or pinnately compound 



Leaves decompound ...... 



Plants acaulescent or nearly so. 

 Lateral wings thin. 



Calyx-teeth and Stylopodium wanting . . 

 Calyx-teeth and Stylopodium evident . 

 Lateral wings thick. 



Dorsal ribs very prominent or slightly winged . 

 Dorsal ribs filiform. 



Leaves small, pinnate or lobed 



Leaves large, decompound .... 



Fruit not strongly flattened dorsally, usually more or less 



flattened laterally. 

 Oil-tubes solitary in the intervals. 

 Flowers white; Stylopodium conical. 



Leaflets linear or nearly so; involucre present 

 Leaflets broader; involucre wanting 

 Flowers yellow; Stylopodium flat or wanting. 

 Ribs equal, broad and corky. 



Low caespitose plants; alpine or subalpine . 

 Taller (2-4 dm.); middle elevations . 

 Ribs winged or filiform. 



Wings conspicuous ...... 



Ribs filiform. 



Tall and branching, with broad leaflets . 

 Acaulescent and caespitose .... 



Oil-tubes more than one in the intervals. 

 Stylopodium conical. 



Fruit round; ribs inconspicuous .... 



Fruit ovate to oblong. 



Ribs conspicuous; caulescent .... 



Ribs filiform; acaulescent ..... 



Stylopodium flat or wanting. 



Seed face sulcate or concave; carpels flattened 

 dorsally. 



Ribs filiform 



Ribs with broad thin wings 



Seed face plane or nearly so. 



All the ribs conspicuously winged. 



Leaves pinnate; flowers white or purplish 

 Leaves ternate; flowers yellow 

 Ribs not winged. 



Lateral ribs thick and corky; the dorsal filiform 

 All the ribs corky and equally prominent. 

 Oil-tubes continuous about seed cavity 

 OU-tubes 1-3 in the intervals . 



1. Sanicula. 

 5. Bupleurum. 



2. Washingtonia. 



24. Oxypolis. 

 28. Heracleum. 



17. Angelica. 

 29. Pastinaca. 



26. Ccgswellia. 



27. Cynomarathrum. 



17. Angelica. 

 16. Conioselinum. 



26. Cogswellia. 



27. Cynomarathrum. 



23. Pseudocymopterus. 



22. Cymopterus. 

 25. Leptotaenia. 



9. Carum. 

 8. Cicuta. 



15. Oreoxis. 

 7. Harbouria. 



20. Thaspium. 



6. Zizia. 

 10. Aletes. 



12. Berula. 



13. Ligusticum. 



14. Ligusticella. 



4. Musineon. 

 21. Aulospermum. 



18. Phellopterus. 



19. Pteryxia. 



3. Orogenia. 



5. Bupleurum. 

 11. Sium. 



