UMBELLIFERAE (PARSNIP FAMILY) 351 



Plant 3-6 dm. high: leaf -segments mucronulate: umbels (mostly 2 long- 

 peduncled ones) 15-25-rayed; rays 1-2.5 cm. long; pedicels 4-6 mm. long: 

 fruit 4 mm. long. Cicuta (?) trachy pleura. Throughout our range. 



8. CICUTA L. 



Smooth, poisonous, marsh perennials, with pinnately compound leaves and 

 serrate leaflets, involucre of few bracts or none, involucels of several slender 

 bractlets, and white flowers. Calyx-teeth rather prominent. Fruit flattened 

 laterally, oblong to orbicular, glabrous. Carpel with strong flattish corky 

 ribs, the laterals largest (at least in section), without strengthening cells; 

 stylopodium low, sometimes low-conical; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, 

 2 on the commissural side. Seed nearly terete or somewhat dorsally flattened, 

 with face plane to slightly concave. 



1. Cicuta occidentalis Greene, Pitt. 2: 7. 1889. Stout, 9-18 dm. high: 

 rootstock short, giving rise to slender roots above, and a fascicle of thick and 

 elongated ones below: leaves twice pinnate ; leaflets linear-lanceolate to lanceo- 

 late, 5-8 cm. long, sharply serrate and conspicuously reticulate beneath: fruit 

 oblong, 3 mm. long, constricted at the commissure, the ribs approximately 

 equal in surface display (laterals largest in section), the intervals broad; 

 oil-tubes large. C. maeulata. Throughout our range. 



9. CARUM L. 



Smooth, erect, slender herbs, with tuberous or fusiform-fascicled roots, pin- 

 nate leaves with few linear leaflets, involucels of few to many bracts, and 

 white flowers. Calyx-teeth prominent for the size of the fruit. Fruit flat- 

 tened laterally, orbicular to oblong, glabrous. Carpel with filiform or incon- 

 spicuous ribs, with or without strengthening cells; stylopodium conical; oil- 

 tubes large and solitary in the intervals, 2-6 on the commissural side. Seed 

 dorsally flattened, more or less sulcate beneath the oil-tubes; the face plane 

 or slightly concave. 



Leaves twice pinnately divided . , .1. C. Carui. 

 Leaves once pinnately divided. 



Leaflets mostly not pinnate . . . . . . . . 2. C. Gairdneri. 



Leaflets pinnately incised . . . . . . . .3.C. montanum. 



1. Carum Carui L. Sp. PI. 1: 263. 1753. Leaves pinnately compound, 

 with very narrow and often filiform entire or toothed divisions. The common 

 garden caraway, naturalized from Europe. 



2. Carum Gairdneri (H. & A.) Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 344. 1867. Stem 

 3-12 dm. high, from fascicled, tuberous or fusiform roots: leaves few, usually 

 simply pinnate, with 3-7 linear leaflets 5-15 cm. long (the lower rarely pin- 

 nate); upper leaves usually simple: umbels 6-1 5-rayed, with involucre of 

 several bracts or none, and involucels of linear-acuminate bractlets; rays 

 2.5-4 cm. long: fruit broadly ovate or nearly orbicular, small, 1-2 mm. long, 

 with small ovate calyx-teeth, low conical stylopodium, and long slender styles: 

 seed terete. From the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific States. 



3. Carum montanum Blankinship, Mont. Agric. Coll. Sci. 1: 89. 1905. 

 Differs from C. Gairdneri in its larger size, larger leaves, pinnately incised 

 leaflets, large fruit, and longer styles. Montana. 



10. ALETES C. & R. 



Acaulescent glabrous mountain perennials, with pinnate leaves, broad 

 sharply toothed or cut rather distant leaflets, mostly no involucre, involucels of 

 linear to lanceolate bractlets, and yellow flowers. Calyx-teeth prominent. 

 Fruit flattened laterally, oblong, glabrous. Carpel with equal and prominent 

 ribs; stylopodium wanting; oil-tubes large and solitary in the broad intervals, 



